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Table 4 Comparison of Symptom Clusters Between the Younger and Older Age Groupsa

From: Stability and consistency of symptom clusters in younger versus older patients receiving chemotherapy

Cluster

Symptoms

Younger

Older

Physical and cognitive fatigue symptom cluster

Lack of energy

0.880

0.743

Feeling drowsy

0.621

0.463

Nausea

0.430

Difficulty concentrating

0.401

0.541

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

4

3

Consistencyb

2/3

Respiratory symptom cluster

Difficulty breathing

1.049

0.965

Shortness of breath

0.824

0.878

Chest tightness

0.611

0.676

Cough

0.403

Problems with urination

0.402

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

3

5

Consistencyb

3/3

Psychological

symptom cluster

Worrying

0.792

0.812

Feeling sad

0.755

0.866

Feeling nervous

0.623

0.678

“I don’t look like myself”

0.520

Feeling irritable

0.512

0.628

Difficulty concentrating

0.436

0.437

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

6

5

Consistencyb

3/3

Hormonal

symptom cluster

Hot flashes

0.807

0.728

Sweats

0.788

0.783

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

2/2

2/2

Consistencyb

2/2

Chemotherapy-related toxicity symptom cluster

Problems with urination

0.621

0.418

Abdominal cramps

0.481

0.489

Numbness/tingling in hands/feet

0.466

Mouth sores

0.476

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

3

3

Consistencyb

1/2

Weight gain symptom cluster

Weight gain

0.942

0.902

Increased appetite

0.840

0.802

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

2

2

Consistencyb

2/2

Gastrointestinal

symptom cluster

Nausea

0.704

Weight loss

0.548

Lack of appetite

0.537

0.478

Vomiting

0.526

0.926

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

3

3

Consistencyb

0/2

Epithelial symptom cluster

Change in the way food tastes

0.709

0.612

Skin changes

0.494

0.679

Hair loss

0.468

0.540

“I don’t look like myself”

0.522

Difficulty swallowing

0.464

0.494

Mouth sores

0.437

Dizziness

0.479

Total number of symptoms in this cluster

5

6

Consistencyb

3/3

  1. aExtraction method: unweighted least squares. Rotation method: Geomin (oblique) rotation
  2. bConsistency was measured by evaluating whether the same two symptoms (for symptom clusters with a total number of two or three symptoms) or three symptoms (for symptom clusters with a total number of four or more symptoms using the cluster with the highest number of symptoms) with the highest factor loading were present across age groups
  3. − = Factor loadings for these symptoms were < 0.40
  4. Bold font indicates the highest factor loading