Table 1 Sociodemographic and health-related information of the sample of NH residents (n = 132) from Osona, Spain (2020)
| Â | n | Frequency (%) |
|---|---|---|
Education level | Â | Â |
 Illiterate / no schooling | 38 | 28.8 |
 Primary school | 50 | 37.9 |
 High school | 7 | 5.3 |
 College education | 4 | 3.0 |
 Unknown | 33 | 25.9 |
Marital status | Â | Â |
 Single | 17 | 12.9 |
 Married/partner | 19 | 14.4 |
 Divorced | 3 | 2.3 |
 Widowed | 76 | 57.6 |
 Unknown | 17 | 12.9 |
Type of NH | Â | Â |
 Public | 23 | 17.4 |
 State-subsidised places | 64 | 48.5 |
 Private | 45 | 34.1 |
Diagnosed conditions | ||
 High blood pressure | 83 | 62.9 |
 Dementia | 71 | 53.8 |
 Cardiac disease | 53 | 40.2 |
 Dyslipidaemia | 41 | 31.1 |
 Kidney failure | 36 | 27.3 |
 Diabetes | 36 | 27.3 |
 Depression | 36 | 27.3 |
Urinary continence | Â | Â |
 Continent | 39 | 29.5 |
 Occasionally incontinent | 44 | 33.3 |
 Frequently incontinent | 21 | 15.9 |
 Always incontinent | 26 | 19.7 |
 Catheter | 2 | 1.5 |
UI types (n = 101) |  |  |
 Functional | 60 | 45.5 |
 Urgency | 15 | 11.4 |
 Stress | 4 | 3.0 |
 Mixed | 11 | 8.3 |
 Undetermined | 11 | 8.3 |
Behavioural strategy to prevent/manage UI | Â | Â |
 No | 71 | 53.8 |
 Yes | 61 | 46.2 |
Response to programme | Â | Â |
 No improvement | 25 | 41.0 |
 Partial improvement | 21 | 34.4 |
 Total improvement (continence) | 14 | 23.0 |
 Undetermined | 1 | 16.4 |
UI duration (n = 101) |  |  |
 <1 month | 2 | 1.9 |
 1 month– 1 year | 9 | 8.9 |
 > 1 year | 70 | 69.3 |
 Undetermined | 20 | 19.8 |
UI– amount of leakages (n = 101) |  |  |
 Small (drops) | 77 | 76.2 |
 Large | 13 | 12.8 |
 Undetermined | 11 | 10.8 |
UI– pattern (n = 101) |  |  |
 Day | 1 | 0.9 |
 Night | 28 | 27.7 |
 Day and night | 59 | 58.4 |
 Undetermined | 13 | 12.9 |
Residents with bowel Health issues | ||
 Fecal incontinence | 40 | 30.3 |
 Diarrhoea | 14 | 10.6 |
 Laxatives | 47 | 35.6 |
 Constipation | 25 | 18.9 |
Frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale) | ||
 Very fit | 1 | 0.8 |
 Well | 15 | 11.4 |
 Managing Well | 5 | 3.8 |
 Vulnerable | 6 | 4.6 |
 Mildly Frail | 22 | 16.7 |
 Moderately Frail | 39 | 29.6 |
 Severely Frail | 33 | 25.0 |
 Very Severely Frail | 11 | 8.3 |
 Terminally ill | 0 | 0 |
Cognitive capacity (Pfeiffer) | Â | Â |
 Intact | 26 | 19.7 |
 Slight impairment | 16 | 12.1 |
 Moderate impairment | 29 | 22.0 |
 Severe impairment | 56 | 42.4 |
 Unknown | 5 | 3.8 |
ADL limitations (Barthel) | Â | Â |
 Independent | 7 | 5.3 |
 Slight dependency | 20 | 15.2 |
 Moderate dependency | 52 | 39.4 |
 Severe dependency | 53 | 40.2 |
Nutritional state (Mini Nutritional Assessment) | ||
 Normal nutritional status | 31 | 23.5 |
 At risk of malnutrition | 70 | 53.0 |
 Malnourished | 9 | 6.8 |
 Unknown | 22 | 16.7 |