Effects of square dance exercise on cognitive function in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment: the mediating role of balance ability and executive function

Table 2 Descriptive statistics (M, SD) and ANOVA results regarding overall cognitive function and executive function in the two groups before and after the intervention period

Group	Time	MoCA score	Executive function
Group	Time	MoCA score	Inhibitory (ms)	Updating (ms)	Shifting (ms)
Experimental group	Pre-test	19.40 (1.73)	197.40 (58.67)	839.03 (73.65)	328.10 (76.70)
Experimental group	Post-test	23.33 (1.09)	133.53 (68.03)	744.05 (99.98)	305.40 (78.05)
Control group	Pre-test	19.37 (1.59)	226.03 (56.51)	850.93 (61.85)	313.07 (54.62)
Control group	Post-test	19.33 (1.77)	225.43 (63.14)	869.33 (99.56)	317.63 (55.42)
Group by time interaction: F_{(1, 58)}	Pre vs. post comparison	55.013***	120.060***	38.739***	10.327**
\( {{\eta }}_{\text{P}}^{2}\)		0.487	0.674	0.400	0.151

* p < 0.0125, ** p < 0.0025, *** p < 0.00025 (The Bonferroni correction was used to conduct multiple tests and obtained the significance level p = 0.0125 after multiple test correction, and the p value 0.0125 was the original p value 0.05/4. The same below.)

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