Table 5 Thematic Analysis Outcomes and Resources Provided

Theme 1: Intangible Dimensions of Support

Sub-themes

Illustrative Quotes

1. Manaakitanga—Care

I enjoyed my time with my [tuakana]. She was easy to engage with and I shared things with her that made me feel lighter. At my age we just hold on to it, but I have learnt that it made me feel good, once I shared my kōrero with her. (Teina4.1FG/Te4)

2. Wairuatanga—Spiritual connection

• Uplifted spirit

• Empowerment

You come away really rangimārie (peaceful] and you’re at peace with yourself because you’ve been able to unload without feeling that you’ve unloaded. (Teina3.1/FG/Te)

For me, being empowered it made me be better out there. I know I can get a bit hōhā (tiresome] other people get hōhā with me. It’s just that inner being makes you feel better. (Teina3.2FG)

3. Māoritanga—Cultural connection

• Mana motuhake

• Whānau connectedness

This [these conversations] helped me get to that, to do my moko kauae (engraved markings on the chin], because it opened up the things I wanted to talk about, and I never ever thought of talking about it to anyone else because it wasn’t about me. It helped me look at my role as [a] kuia. (Teina3.4FG)

This [is] a big step for the teina as she has previously felt uncomfortable to address her tangihanga (funeral] wishes with her children. She believes that because her children were not raised or immersed in Te Ao Māori, they wouldn’t give her a cultural service at the marae because they wouldn’t know how to. (ConvObsCR4C3/Ref1-2)

Theme 2: Tangible Dimensions of Support

Sub-themes

Illustrative Quotes

1. Strengthening teina knowledge

• Resources

• Tuakana

The resource booklet was very helpful even though I thought I knew a lot of the services. Made me take more action of my wellbeing. (SurveysQual/Ref6)

I [tuakana] said, “Oh, I’m getting my hearing aid.” He said, “Oh, they cost a lot.” I said, “No. I’m going to WINZ and I’m only paying back $20 a fortnight.” [he said]. “Eh, nobody told us that!” (Tu1.1 FG-A/Ref3-4)

2. Meeting teina needs

The tuakana rung co-ordinator [community researcher] as she felt the teina was being mistreated in [named] hospital and he needed some support. He had an injury and upon arrival he was informed that he would have surgery the following day. He was also informed that he could not eat that night before surgery or have a big lunch as it’s not good to carry out the procedure. Five days later he still had no surgery, his pain increased, and he was hungry. Co-ordinator tended to the teina to advocate on his behalf. After six hours of engaging with local networks and Māori support workers from [the hospital], the co-ordinator felt comfortable to step back as the teina had good wrap around support. The outcome was, surgery had a confirmed date, his pain was assessed, and he could eat. (ConvObsCR4C6/Ref3)