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Table 3 Comparisons of mental health, quality of life, cognition between groups

From: Comparison of lifestyle, cognitive function, mental health, and quality of life between hospitalized older adults with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 in South Korea: a cross-sectional study

Variables

COVID Group

non-COVID Group

CI

p

M (SD)

M (SD)

Cognition

    

 PRMQ

32.60(9.49)

30.17(8.68)

[-4.55, -0.32]

0.024*

 PM

18.48(5.65)

15.47(4.35)

[-4.15, -1.86]

< 0.0001**

 RM

14.13(4.49)

14.70(4.61)

[-0.50, 1.65]

0.296

 SMCQ

2.97(2.65)

2.64(2.55)

[-0.3, 0.29]

0.296

Mental health

    

 VAS_Depression

4.87(2.13)

4.38(2.39)

[-1.04, 0.04]

0.070

 PHQ-9

5.11(4.00)

4.14(4.10)

[-1.93, -0.01]

0.047*

 VAS_Anxiety

5.30(2.62)

5.21(2.03)

[-0.62, 0.44]

0.754

 SAS

37.05(7.36)

36.23(7.34)

[-2.55, 0.91]

0.351

 ISI-K

10.70(5.20)

8.58(6.25)

[-3.51, -0.74]

0.002*

 FCV-19 S

17.43(5.36)

17.48(5.94)

[-1.30, 1.40]

0.943

Quality of Life

    

 WHOQOL-BREF

83.91(14.13)

84.0(14.00)

[-8.48, -1.67]

0.004*

  1. COVID Group = Old adult who infected coronavirus disease 2019; UNCOVID Group = Old adult who non-infected coronavirus disease 2019; M = mean; SD = standard deviation; CI = Confidence interval; PRMQ = Korean Version of Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire; PM = Prospective memory; RM = Retrospective memory; SMCQ = Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire; VAS_Depression = Visual analogue scale of depression; PHQ-9 = patient health questionnaire-9; VAS_Anxiety = Visual analogue scale of anxiety; SAS = Zung self-rating anxiety scale; ISI-K = Korean version of the insomnia severity index; FCV-19 S = fear of COVID-19 scale; WHOQOL-BREF = World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument-BREF
  2. *p <.05, **p <.001