Table 3 Overview of outcome measures, screening instruments, and descriptive measures over the course of the study

Age; birthday; sex; living conditions

X

X

Living alone or not; marital status; school-leaving qualification; years of education; academic grades; retirement date

X

German-speaking

X

Medical and medication information

Height; weight; body mass index

X

X

No medical contraindications for the intervention program

X

Vision impairment: “Are you able to read a newspaper or book, with or without visual aid?”

X

S

Fall history and fall-related injuries in the past 3 and 6 months ^a

X

X

X

Prevalence of neurologic, pulmonary, or cardiac diseases

X

Fall calendar over 12 months

X

S

Comorbidities incl. Treatment; cardiac issues or stroke in past 6 months; use of sedatives or anticonvulsants; number of hospital admissions in past 6 months

X

X

X

S

Medication use (type, dosage, frequency)

X

X

X

Neuropsychological status

S

Exhaustion: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, 2-item version [53] ^c

X

X

X

Cognitive status: Short Orientation-Memory-Concentration Test [54]

X

S

Fear of falling: Short Falls Efficacy Scale International [55]

X

X

X

Function, mobility, and participation

P

Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument – function component [56]

X

X

X

P

University of Alabama at Birmingham Life-Space Assessment [57, 58]

X

X

X

S

Short Form of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument – disability component [56]

X

X

X

Physical capacity

Walking ability > 10 m (with/without walking aid)

X

S

Short Physical Performance Battery [59] ^c

X

X

X

S

Handgrip strength: dynamometer ^c

X

X

X

De Morton Mobility Index [46, 47]

X

Frailty

S

Clinical Frailty Scale [60]

X

X

X

X

S

Fried frailty phenotype [1]

X

X

X

Physical activity

S

German Physical Activity Questionnaire 50+ [61] ^c

X

X

X

S

Sensor-based physical activity (body postures, [in-]active states, transfers, walking activity)

X

Health status and economics

Subjective health: “Compared with other people in your age group, how would you rate your personal health?”

X

S

Health-related quality of life: EuroQol-5-Dimension 5-Level, EuroQol visual analog scale [62]

X

X

X

S

Health-related resource use: adapted version of the questionnaire for the use of medical and non-medical services in old age (FIMA) [63]

X

X

X

Psychosocial status

S

Self-Efficacy: Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale [64] ^b

X

X

X

S

Social network: Lubben Social Network Scale [65]

X

X

X

S

Loneliness: UCLA 3-item loneliness scale [66]

X

X

X

S

Affect: Visual Analogue Scale [67]

X

X

X

S

Motivation: Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire [68, 69] ^b

X

X

X

Nutritional status

S

Mini Nutritional Assessment – Short Form [10] ^c

X

X

X

X

Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire [50]

X

Training adherence and exertion

Training diary (training days, sessions, sets, repetitions, and weights/duration) ^b

X

Exercise Adherence Rating Scale [48] ^b

X

Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale [42] ^b

X