Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of Study Participants and their Primary Care Service Areas
Participants with cognitive impairment (n = 2145) | Participants without cognitive impairment (n = 23,418) | Total | PCSAs (n = 3381) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
National quartile of age sex adjusted rate of allocated clinically active primary care supply in PCSA | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) |
Bottom 25% | 525 (24.5) | 5209 (22.2) | 5734 (22.4) | 807 (23.9) |
Second lowest 25% | 677 (31.6) | 7238 (30.9) | 7915 (31.0) | 905 (26.8) |
Second highest 25% | 565 (26.3) | 6528 (27.9) | 7093 (27.7) | 883 (26.1) |
Top 25% | 378 (17.6) | 4443 (18.97) | 4821 (18.9) | 786 (23.2) |
Primary Care Utilization in PCSA | ||||
< US Median | 869 (40.5) | 10,246 (43.8) | 11,115 (43.5) | 1591 (47.1) |
> US Median | 1276 (59.5) | 13,172 (56.3) | 14,448 (56.5) | 1790 (52.9) |
ED Utilization in PCSA | ||||
< US Median | 974 (45.4) | 10,822 (46.2) | 11,796 (46.1) | 1825 (54.0) |
> US Median | 1171 (54.6) | 12,596 (53.8) | 13,767 (53.9) | 1556 (46.1) |
Regular source of medical care | ||||
Yes | 1468 (68.4) | 17,537 (74.9) | 19,005 (74.3) | |
No | 454 (21.2) | 4193 (17.9) | 4647 (18.2) | |
No Answer | 223 (10.4) | 1688 (7.2) | 1911 (7.5) | |
Insurance coverage | ||||
Has health insurance | 1999 (93.2) | 21,891 (93.5) | 23,890 (93.5) | |
No health insurance | 146 (6.8) | 1527 (6.5) | 1673 (6.5) | |
Diabetes | ||||
Managed | 262 (12.2) | 2181 (9.3) | 2443 (9.6) | |
Unmanaged | 285 (13.3) | 2387 (10.2) | 2672 (10.5) | |
No Diabetes | 1598 | 18,850 | 20,448 (80.0) | |
Hypertension | ||||
Managed | 934 (43.5) | 9808 (41.9) | 10,742 (42.0) | |
Unmanaged | 619 (28.9) | 5063 (21.6) | 5682 (22.2) | |
No Hypertension | 592 (27.6) | 8547 (63.5) | 9139 (35.8) | |
Dyslipidemia | ||||
Managed | 495 (23.1) | 5514 (23.6) | 6009 (23.5) | |
Unmanaged | 734 (34.2) | 7651 (32.7) | 8385 (32.8) | |
No Dyslipidemia | 916 (42.7) | 10,253 (43.7) | 11,169 (43.7) | |
Race | ||||
White | 883 (41.2) | 14,378 (61.4) | 15,261 (59.7) | |
Black | 1262 (58.8) | 9040 (38.60) | 10,302 (40.3) | |
Sex | ||||
Female | 1047 (48.8) | 13,113 (56.0) | 14,160 (55.4) | |
Male | 1098 (51.2) | 10,305 (44.0) | 11,403 (44.6) | |
Education | ||||
Less than high school | 532 (24.8) | 2414 (10.3) | 2946 (11.5) | |
High school graduate | 625 (29.1) | 5956 (25.4) | 6581 (25.7) | |
Some college | 503 (23.5) | 6351 (27.1) | 6854 (26.8) | |
College degree or more | 485 (22.6) | 8697 (37.1) | 9182 (35.9) | |
Household Income | ||||
< $20 K | 608 (28.3) | 3774 (16.1) | 4382 (17.1) | |
$20-34 K | 627 (29.2) | 5538 (23.7) | 6165 (24.1) | |
$35-74 K | 467 (21.8) | 7365 (31.5) | 7832 (30.6) | |
$75 K+ | 153 (7.1) | 4079 (17.4) | 4232 (16.6) | |
Refused to Answer | 290 (13.5) | 2662 (11.4) | 2952 (11.5) | |
Relationship status | ||||
Not currently married | 1004 (46.8) | 9247 (39.5) | 10,251 (40.1) | |
Married | 1141 (53.2) | 14,171 (60.5) | 15,312 (59.9) | |
Pack years of cigarette smoking | ||||
Zero pack years | 970 (45.2) | 11,139 (47.6) | 12,109 (47.4) | |
Below the median (0.45) pack years | 549 (25.6) | 6142 (26.2) | 6691 (26.2) | |
Above the median (0.45) pack years | 626 (29.2) | 6137 (26.2) | 6763 (26.5) | |
Alcohol drinking frequency | ||||
Never | 1498 (69.8) | 14,340 (61.2) | 15,838 (62.0) | |
Moderate alcohol use | 562 (26.2) | 8144 (34.8) | 8706 (34.1) | |
Heavy alcohol use | 85 (3.96) | 934 (3.99) | 1019 (4.0) | |
Exercise | ||||
No exercise | 830 (38.7) | 7711 (32.9) | 8541 (33.4) | |
Exercise 1-3 times per week | 643 (29.98) | 8735 (37.3) | 9378 (36.7) | |
Exercise 4+ times per week | 672 (31.3) | 6972 (29.8) | 7644 (29.9) | |
Body Mass Index | ||||
Underweight | 34 (1.6) | 227 (0.97) | 261 (1.0) | |
Normal weight | 521 (24.3) | 5543 (23.7) | 6064 (23.7) | |
Overweight | 817 (38.1) | 8701 (37.2) | 9518 (37.2) | |
Obese | 773 (36.0) | 8947 (38.2) | 9720 (38.0) | |