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Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression awareness groups, adjusted for age group, sex, dementia subtype

From: Does awareness of condition help people with mild-to-moderate dementia to live well? Findings from the IDEAL programme

Factors associated with awareness

a. Demographic variables

 

OR Low awareness (n = 83) vs Rest of cohort (n = 834)

OR High awareness (n = 103) vs Low awareness (n = 83)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

Time since diagnosis

   

68 (7.4)

   

19 (10.2)

  < 1 yr

Reference group

   

Reference group

   

 1-2 yr

.92

(.51, 1.64)

.767

 

2.21

(.93, 5.25)

.074

 

 3 yr and above

1.39

(.67, 2.88)

.380

 

2.06

(.73, 5.81)

.173

 

Deprivation quintile

   

0

   

0

 Q1 (most deprived)

2.02

(.95, 4.30)

.068

 

.17

(.04, .75)

.019

 

 Q2

1.33

(.64, 2.76)

.444

 

.63

(.22, 1.80)

.387

 

 Q3

1.01

(.51, 2.00)

.973

 

.55

(.19, 1.55)

.257

 

 Q4

1.15

(.60, 2.20)

.686

 

.66

(.24, 1.77)

.405

 

 Q5 (least deprived)

Reference group

   

Reference group

   

Education

   

19 (2.1)

   

6 (3.2)

 No qualification

1.04

(.56, 1.93)

.899

 

1.32

(.53, 3.28)

.546

 

 School leaving certificate 16y

1.19

(.60, 2.36)

.611

 

.49

(.17, 1.39)

.179

 

 School leaving certificate 18y

Reference group

   

Reference group

   

 University

.99

(.49, 1.98)

.971

 

.93

(.34, 2.51)

.884

 

b. Cognitive variables

 

OR Low awareness (n = 83) vs Rest of cohort (n = 834)

OR High awareness (n = 103) vs Low awareness (n = 83)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

ACE-III total

.98

(.96, .99)

.007

71 (7.7)

1.04

(1.01, 1.07)

.016

18 (9.7)

ACE-III attention

.89

(.83, .97)

.005

28 (3.1)

1.15

(1.02, 1.29)

.022

9 (4.8)

ACE-III fluency

.94

(.87, 1.02)

.136

23 (2.5)

1.10

(.98, 1.24)

.106

8 (4.3)

ACE-III language

.95

(.89, 1.01)

.094

51 (5.6)

1.15

(1.03, 1.29)

.015

14 (7.5)

ACE-III memory

.93

(.88, .97)

.003

40 (4.4)

1.10

(1.01, 1.18)

.021

14 (7.5)

ACE-III visuospatial

.98

(.91, 1.06)

.642

35 (3.8)

1.06

(.95, 1.19)

.312

12 (6.5)

c. Psychological variables

 

OR Low awareness (n = 83) vs Rest of cohort (n = 834)

OR High awareness (n = 103) vs Low awareness (n = 83)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

GDS-10 group

   

20 (2.2)

   

4 (2.2)

 Depressed

.23

(.10, .51)

<.001

 

4.51

(1.70, 11.92)

.002

 

 Not depressed

Reference group

   

Reference group

   

Neuroticism

.81

(.75, .88)

<.001

35 (3.8)

1.26

(1.11, 1.43)

<.001

5 (2.7)

Openness

1.03

(.96, 1.11)

.445

43 (4.7)

.97

(.87, 1.09)

.631

8 (4.3)

Agreeableness

.95

(.88, 1.04)

.259

31 (3.4)

1.12

(.99, 1.28)

.080

5 (2.7)

Conscientious

1.16

(1.07, 1.25)

.001

35 (3.8)

.86

(.76, .98)

.023

6 (3.2)

Extraversion

1.08

(1.01, 1.15)

.019

31 (3.4)

.86

(.78, .95)

.003

6 (3.2)

Optimism

1.12

(1.04, 1.20)

.002

34 (3.7)

.87

(.79, .96)

.007

10 (5.4)

Self-efficacy

1.09

(1.04, 1.15)

<.001

49 (5.3)

.87

(.81, .94)

<.001

13 (7.0)

Self-esteem

1.15

(1.08, 1.23)

<.001

66 (7.2)

.85

(.76, .95)

.004

16 (9.7)

d. Caregiver-rated variables

 

OR Low awareness (n = 67) vs Rest of cohort (n = 688)

OR High awareness (n = 82) vs Low awareness (n = 67)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

FAQ-I

1.05

(1.02, 1.09)

.003

58 (7.7)

.94

(.89, .99)

.011

13 (8.7)

NPI-Q total symptoms

.97

(.87, 1.08)

.537

38 (5.0)

1.01

(.85, 1.21)

.881

8 (5.4)

Awareness and ability to live well

 

OR Low awareness (n = 83) vs Rest of cohort (n = 834)

OR High awareness (n = 103) vs Low awareness (n = 83)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

QoL-AD

1.17

(1.11, 1.23)

<.001

67 (7.3)

.83

(.77, .90)

<.001

15 (8.1)

WHO-5

1.03

(1.02, 1.04)

<.001

6 (0.7)

.97

(.95, .99)

.001

0

SwLS

1.11

(1.05, 1.16)

<.001

12 (1.3)

.84

(.78, .91)

<.001

1 (0.5)

Awareness and caregiver stress

 

OR Low awareness (n = 67) vs Rest of cohort (n = 688)

OR High awareness (n = 82) vs Low awareness (n = 67)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Missing cases (%)

Caregiver RSS

.99

(.97, 1.02)

.674

46 (6.1)

1.01

(.96, 1.06)

.773

6 (4.0)

  1. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, AD Alzheimer’s disease, VaD vascular dementia, FTD frontotemporal dementia, PDD Parkinson’s disease dementia, DLB dementia with Lewy bodies, ACE-III Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III, QoL-AD Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease, SwLS Satisfaction with Life Scale, WHO-5 World Health Organization-Five Well-being Index, GDS-10 Geriatric Depression Scale-10, FAQ-I Functional Activities Questionnaire-Informant rated, NPI-Q Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, RSS Relative Stress Scale
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