Table 1 Comparison of a history of stroke as a baseline characteristic (n = 1333)
Characteristics | Total n (%) | Stroke n = 72 (5.4%) | Non-stroke n = 1261 (94.6%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, % | ||||
 70 years old | 675 (50.6) | 45.8 | 50.9 | .395a |
 80 years old | 589 (44.2) | 45.8 | 44.1 |  |
 90 years old | 69 (5.2) | 8.3 | 5.0 |  |
Sex, % | ||||
 Male | 657 (49.3) | 59.7 | 48.7 | .070b |
 Female | 676 (50.7) | 40.3 | 51.3 |  |
Hypertension, % | ||||
 No | 343 (26.1) | 12.9 | 26.9 | .009a |
 Yes | 969 (73.9) | 87.1 | 73.1 |  |
Diabetes mellitus, % | ||||
 No | 1054 (84.9) | 75.8 | 85.4 | .034a |
 Yes | 188 (15.1) | 24.2 | 14.6 |  |
Dyslipidemia, % | ||||
 No | 504 (38.8) | 31.9 | 39.2 | .254b |
 Yes | 796 (61.2) | 68.1 | 60.8 |  |
Atrial fibrillation, % | ||||
 No | 1304 (97.8) | 93.1 | 98.1 | .004a |
 Yes | 29 (2.2) | 6.9 | 1.9 |  |
Current smoking, % | ||||
 No | 1165 (89.0) | 94.4 | 88.7 | .137a |
 Yes | 144 (11.0) | 5.6 | 11.3 |  |
Educational level, % | ||||
 <  10 years | 354 (26.6) | 23.9 | 26.8 | .771a |
 10–12 years | 565 (42.5) | 46.5 | 42.3 |  |
 > 12 years | 410 (30.9) | 29.6 | 30.9 |  |
Frequency of going outdoors, % | ||||
 <  1 time/week | 79 (5.9) | 5.6 | 12.5 | .043a |
 1–2 times/week | 169 (12.7) | 12.4 | 18.1 |  |
 3 or 4 times/week | 275 (20.7) | 20.7 | 20.8 |  |
 5 or 6 times/week | 271 (20.4) | 20.8 | 12.5 |  |
 Every day | 535 (40.3) | 40.5 | 36.1 |  |
LTC service used, % | ||||
 No | 1220 (95.9) | 91.3 | 96.2 | .047a |
 Yes | 52 (4.1) | 8.7 | 3.8 |  |
Residential areas, % | ||||
 Urban | 788 (59.1) | 56.9 | 59.2 | .713b |
 Rural | 545 (40.9) | 43.1 | 40.8 | |
MoCA-J score at the baseline, Mean ± SD | 23.04 ± 3.50 | 22.57 ± 3.91 | 23.07 ± 3.48 | .242 |
MoCA-J score at the follow-up, Mean ± SD | 23.03 ± 3.90 | 22.13 ± 4.94 | 23.09 ± 3.83 | .042 |