Effectiveness of exercise intervention on fall-related fractures in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Table 3 Subgroup analysis for the risk of fracture

Factors	Subgroup	RR and 95%CI	P value	Heterogeneity (%)	P value for heterogeneity	P value between subgroups
Mean age (years)	≥ 70.0	0.78 (0.60–1.01)	0.057	10.6	0.339	0.253
Mean age (years)	< 70.0	0.66 (0.42–1.04)	0.075	14.4	0.320	0.253
Gender	Female	0.78 (0.53–1.13)	0.193	0.0	0.440	0.866
Gender	Both	0.69 (0.51–0.94)	0.019	27.4	0.183	0.866
BMI (kg/m²)	≥ 25.0	0.81 (0.50–1.33)	0.406	38.0	0.168	0.537
	< 25.0	0.52 (0.24–1.13)	0.100	0.0	0.517
	Not mentioned	0.72 (0.53–0.96)	0.024	13.5	0.312
Intervention	Home-based	0.82 (0.45–1.47)	0.500	37.3	0.144	0.829
	Center-based	0.66 (0.34–1.30)	0.233	0.0	0.648
	Both	0.71 (0.53–0.96)	0.025	34.0	0.181
Follow-up duration (years)	≤ 1.0	0.75 (0.48–1.15)	0.185	12.4	0.329	0.779
Follow-up duration (years)	> 1.0	0.72 (0.55–0.95)	0.022	20.9	0.250	0.779
Study quality	High	0.73 (0.58–0.92)	0.007	14.1	0.292	0.883
Study quality	Low	0.75 (0.23–2.46)	0.636	29.4	0.236	0.883

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