Table 1 Study population characteristics
From: Association between chronic diseases and falls among a sample of older people in Finland
Variable | Non-faller (n = 756) | One-time faller (n = 71) | Recurrent faller (n = 45) | All (n = 872) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agea | 72.7 (6.5) | 76.6 (6.9) | 76.0 (8.2) | 73.2 (6.7) | < 0.001 | |
Gender | Male | 319 (42.2%) | 30 (42.3%) | 20 (44.4%) | 359 (43.4%) | 0.957 |
Female | 437 (57.8%) | 41 (57.7%) | 25 (55.6%) | 503 (57.7%) | ||
BMI | 26.7 (4.7) | 27.3 (4.0) | 27.1 (6.0) | 26.8 (4.7) | 0.584 | |
BMI | < 20 | 16 (2.2%) | 2 (3.0%) | 4 (9.1%) | 22 (2.6%) | 0.067 |
20–24.9 | 267 (36%) | 17 (25.4%) | 13 (29.5%) | 297 (34.8%) | ||
25–29.9 | 323 (43.5%) | 34 (50.7%) | 17 (38.6%) | 374 (43.8%) | ||
> 30 | 136 (18.3%) | 14 (20.9%) | 10 (22.7%) | 160 (18.8%) | ||
Alcohol use | No alcohol | 337 (46.6%) | 42 (63.6%) | 21 (48.8%) | 400 (48%) | 0.153 |
Light | 255 (35.3%) | 17 (25.8%) | 12 (28%) | 284 (34%) | ||
Moderate | 104 (14.4%) | 6 (9.1%) | 9 (21%) | 119 (14%) | ||
Heavy | 27 (3.7%) | 1 (1.5%) | 1 (2%) | 29 (3%) | ||
Physical activity, daily hours | < 1 h | 113 (15.2%) | 14 (19.7%) | 12 (27.9%) | 139 (16%) | 0.076 |
1–2 h | 247 (33.2%) | 25 (35.2%) | 17 (39.5%) | 289 (34%) | ||
> 2 h | 383 (51.5%) | 32 (45.1%) | 14 (32.6%) | 429 (50%) | ||
Current smoker (> 1 cigarettes per day) | 63 (8.5%) | 1 (1.4%) | 5 (12%) | 69 (8%) | 0.079 | |
Sleep quality: Poor | 52 (7.1%) | 8 (12.5%) | 8 (19.5%) | 68 (8%) | 0.036 | |
Ability to rise from a chair without using hands | 636 (86.2%) | 54 (79.4%) | 17 (39.5%) | 707 (80%) | < 0.001 | |
SOF-index (frailty) | Robust | 509 (71.0%) | 38 (57.6%) | 14 (35%) | 561 (68%) | < 0.001 |
Intermediate | 167 (23.3%) | 23 (34.8%) | 10 (25%) | 200 (24%) | ||
Frail | 41 (5.7%) | 5 (7.6%) | 16 (40%) | 62 (8%) | ||
MNA | Malnutrition | 6 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (1%) | 0.005 |
Risk of malnutrition | 58 (12.3%) | 9 (22.5%) | 9 (37.5%) | 76 (14%) | ||
Normal nutrition | 406 (86.4%) | 31 (77.5%) | 15 (62.5%) | 452 (85%) | ||