Primary endpoint: Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) | ||||||||
 n = 83 | Mean difference (MAI change) [CI95%] | Effect size dcohen [CI95%] | p-value (1-tailed) | |||||
 | t0 | t1 | t2 | t2- t0 | t2- t0 | t2- t0 | ||
  MAI-Sum | M ± SD | 23.2 ± 22.5 | 18.3 ± 13.1 | 16.1 ± 12.7 | -7.1 [−11.4 – −2.8] | −0.39 [− 0.82–0.05] | 0.001 | |
MD (IQR) | 18.0 (9.0–32.0) | 16.0 (9.0–27.1) | 13.0 (7.0–26.0) | −3.0 (− 13.0–2.0) | ||||
  Subgroup | MAI-Sum ≥24 at t0 (n = 31) | M ± SD | 43.2 ± 25.5 | 29.8 ± 11.7 | 25.8 ± 12.9 | −17.4 [−27.6 – −7.2] | −0.86 [− 1.60 – − 0.13] | 0.001 |
MD (IQR) | 36.0 (30.0–45.0) | 30.0 (19.0–36.0) | 26.0 (14.0–34.0) | − 15.0 (− 25.0 – − 2.0) | ||||
MAI-Sum < 24 at t0 (n = 52) | M ± SD | 11.2 ± 6.7 | 11.4 ± 8.3 | 10.3 ± 8.4 | −0.9 [−3.2–1.3] | −0.12 [− 0.67–0.42] | 0.197 | |
MD (IQR) | 11.0 (7.0–16.8) | 11.0 (4.5–17.0) | 9.0 (5.0–14.0) | − 1.0 (− 5.0–2.0) | ||||
  MAI-Mean | M ± SD | 1.9 ± 1.2 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | −0.6 [− 0.8 – − 0.4] | −0.61 [− 1.05 – − 0.17] | 0.000 | |
MD (IQR) | 1.8 (1.2–2.6) | 1.5 (1.0–2.0) | 1.3 (0.8–1.8) | − 0.3 (− 1.3–0.1) | ||||
Pearson correlation between MAI sum-score at t0 and mean difference t2- t0: r = −  0.83 | ||||||||
 n = 81 a | Mean difference (MAI change) [CI95%] | Effect size dcohen [CI95%] | p-value (1-tailed) | |||||
 | t0 | t1 | t2 | t2- t0 | t2- t0 | t2- t0 | ||
  MAI-Sum | M ± SD | 20.5 ± 14.6 | 17.9 ± 13.0 | 15.8 ± 12.7 | −4.7 [−7.5 – −1.9] | −0.35 [− 0.78–0.09] | 0.001 | |
MD (IQR) | 17.0 (9.0–30.5) | 16.0 (8.5–26.0) | 12.0 (7.0–22.5) | − 3.0 (− 12.0–2.0) | ||||
  Subgroup | MAI-Sum ≥24 at t0 (n = 29) | M ± SD | 37.1 ± 9.2 | 29.4 ± 12.0 | 25.6 ± 13.3 | −11.5 [− 17.8 – −5.3] | −1.00 [− 1.77 – − 0.23] | 0.000 |
MD (IQR) | 34.0 (29.5–42.0) | 29.0 (19.0–36.0) | 26.0 (14.0–34.0) | − 14.0 (− 22.0 – − 0.5) | ||||
MAI-Sum < 24 at t0 (n = 52) | M ± SD | 11.2 ± 6.7 | 11.4 ± 8.3 | 10.3 ± 8.4 | −0.9 [−3.2–1.3] | −0.12 [− 0.67–0.42] | 0.197 | |
MD (IQR) | 11.0 (7.0–16.8) | 11.0 (4.5–17.0) | 9.0 (5.0–14.0) | − 1.0 (− 5.0–2.0) | ||||
Linear regression to predict the mean difference t 2 - t 0 (MAI-change) by MAI-Sum at t 0 : ß = −  0.57 (p = .000), R2 = 0.33 (p = 0.000) |