Table 1 Characteristics of older patients admitted to the geriatric ward by level of glycemic control
Patient characteristics | All patients | Tightly controlled; HbA1C ≤ 7% [53 mmol/mol] | Not tightly controlled; HbA1C > 7% [53 mmol/mol] | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
No. (%) of patients | 213 (100.0) | 148 (69.5) | 65 (30.5) | |
Age, years, M(SD) | 78.9(6.5) | 79.3 (6.3) | 78.0 (6.9) | 0.19 |
Age, 80 + years | 105 (49.3) | 77 (52.0) | 28 (43.1) | 0.24 |
Female sex | 165 (77.5) | 111 (75.0) | 54 (83.1) | 0.22 |
Place of residence, rural | 24 (11.3) | 14 (9.5) | 10 (15.4) | 0.24 |
Barthel Index score | 90 (70–100) | 90 (70–100) | 90 (80–100) | 0.82 |
IADL score | 8 (5–11) | 8 (5–11) | 8 (6–11) | 0.52 |
Norton scale score | 17 (15–19) | 17 (15–19) | 17 (16–19) | 0.60 |
Pressure sores risk | 36 (17.2) | 28 (19.3) | 8 (12.5) | 0.32 |
SOMCT score | 6 (1–14) | 6 (1–14) | 8 (2–12) | 0.98 |
Dementia | 40 (18.8) | 32 (21.6) | 8 (12.3) | 0.13 |
GDS score, M(SD) | 6.98 (3.6) | 6.78 (3.5) | 7.43 (3.8) | 0.23 |
Depression | 138 (64.8) | 99 (66.9) | 39 (60.0) | 0.35 |
Hypertension | 190 (89.2) | 130 (87.8) | 60 (92.3) | 0.47 |
Orthostatic hypotension | 28 (15.6) | 17 (13.1) | 11 (22.4) | 0.17 |
Macrovascular complications | 44 (20.7) | 31 (20.9) | 13 (20.0) | 0.88 |
MI, CABG, PTCA | 19 (8.9) | 14 (9.5) | 5 (7.7) | 0.80 |
TIA | 19 (8.9) | 13 (8.8) | 6 (9.2) | 0.92 |
Stroke | 25 (11.7) | 16 (10.8) | 9 (13.8) | 0.64 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 32 (28.0–36.5) | 31 (27.3–35.8) | 33 (30.0–39.8) | 0.11 |
Lymphocytes, K/μL, M(SD) | 1.87 (0.73) | 1.76 (0.70) | 2.13 (0.74) | 0.001 |
Lymphocytes < 1.5 K/μL | 64 (30.8) | 52 (36.1) | 12 (18.8) | 0.01 |
GFRb, ml/min/1.73m2, M(SD) | 55 (20.97) | 54.18 (20.94) | 56.82 (21.10) | 0.42 |
GFR categories, ml/min/1.73m2 | ||||
eGFR < 30 | 23 (12.0) | 19 (14.4) | 4 (6.7) | 0.15 |
GFR < 60 | 118 (61.5) | 81 (61.4) | 37 (61.7) | 0.97 |
Serum creatinine, μmol/L | 95.5 (78.7–114.0) | 93,7 (77.8–111.4) | 101.7 (81.3–120.2) | 0.1 |
HbA1C | ||||
HbA1C[%] | 6.4 (5.6–7.3) | 5.9 (5.4–6.5) | 8.1 (7.5–9.4) | < 0.001 |
HbA1C [mmol/mol] | 46 (38–56) | 41 (36–48) | 65 (58–79) | |
Medications class at admittance | ||||
Insulin | 70 (32.9) | 33 (22.4) | 37 (56.9) | < 0.001 |
Metformin | 84 (39.4) | 62 (41.9) | 22 (33.8) | 0.29 |
Sulfonylurea | 139 (65.3) | 102 (68.9) | 37 (56.9) | 0.12 |
α-Glucosidase inhibitors | 9 (4.2) | 6 (4.1) | 3 (4.6) | 0.85 |
Medications class at discharge | ||||
Insulin | 71 (33.5) | 30 (20.4) | 41 (63.1) | < 0.001 |
Metformin | 110 (51.9) | 66 (44.9) | 44 (67.7) | 0.12 |
Sulfonylurea | 122 (57.5) | 86 (58.5) | 36 (55.4) | 0.76 |
α-Glucosidase inhibitors | 3 (1.4) | 3 (2.0) | – | 0.55 |