Table 1 Demographics and risk characteristics

Age (Yrs)

82.63 (SD 6.7)

79.35 (SD 6.3)

0.000

Gender (% Female)

129 (82.2 %)

47 (72.3 %)

0.099

Living arrangement (% Lives Alone)

119 (75.8 %)

53 (81.5 %)

0.351

Receiving formal home care services

90 (57.3 %)

40 (61.5 %)

0.562

Level of education

 Primary

36 (22.9 %)

10 (15.4 %)

0.053

 Secondary

81 (51.6 %)

28 (43.1 %)

 Tertiary

40 (25.5 %)

27 (41.5 %)

Medical conditions

 Arthritis

105 (66.9 %)

39 (60.0 %)

0.329

 Heart condition

46 (29.3 %)

15 (23.1 %)

0.345

 Respiratory condition

46 (29.3 %)

20 (30.8 %)

0.827

 Diabetes

33 (21.0 %)

15 (23.1 %)

0.735

 Depression

21 (13.4 %)

16 (24.6 %)

0.041

 Osteoporosis

54 (34.4 %)

20 (30.8 %)

0.602

Prescription medications

 5 or more

85 (54.5 %)

35 (53.8 %)

0.931

Functionality

 Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL)^a

12.54 (12,6)

11.08 (10,3)

0.010

 Activities of Daily Living (ADL)^b

11.02 (10,2)

10.58 (10, 1)

0.014

Fall history

 Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES)^c

8.50 (8.8, 2)

8.40 (8.8, 2.1)

0.266

 Fallen in past 12 months

97 (61.8 %)

40 (61.5 %)

0.973

 Past fall resulted in injury requiring medical attention

72 (74.2 %)

26 (65.0 %)

0.277

 Past fall resulted in lie over 30 min

31 (32.0 %)

10 (25.0 %)

0.445

 Worried about falling

70 (44.6 %)

31 (47.7 %)

0.672

 Restricts activity because worried about falling

52 (33.1 %)

17 (26.1 %)

0.307

Social contact

 Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS)^d

16.9 (5.82)

16.01 (5.87)

0.292

 Lubben Social Network Scale : Family subset

9.46 (3.25)

8.05 (3.6)

0.005

 Lubben Social Network Scale: Friend subset

7.46 (4.0)

7.97 (3.7)

0.390

Personal wellbeing

 Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI)^e

80.2 (82.8, 18.6)

75.46 (78.6, 18.6)

0.032