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Table 5 Diagnosed comorbidity complexes of community-living dementia patients and control subjects

From: A claims data-based comparison of comorbidity in individuals with and without dementia

Diagnosis group

n (%) case N = 5,524

n (%) control N = 27,595

OR* (CI)

p-value**

Neoplasms

Cancer (all)

1,514 (27.4)

7,637 (27.7)

0.98 (0.92–1.05)

0.600

Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs

Anaemia

1,383 (25.0)

5,271 (19.1)

1.40 (1.31–1.50)

<0.0001

Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

Thyroid dysfunction

1,492 (27.0)

7,766 (28.1)

0.96 (0.90–1.03)

0.251

Diabetes

2,534 (45.9)

10,766 (39.0)

1.33 (1.25–1.41)

<0.0001

Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and other lipidaemias

2,667 (48.3)

14,320 (51.9)

0.89 (0.84–0.94)

<0.0001

Fluids/electrolyte disorders

1,615 (29.3)

5,315 (19.3)

1.70 (1.60–1.82)

<0.0001

Mental and behavioural disorders

Psychotic/neurotic disorders

1,403 (25.4)

4,933 (17.9)

1.62 (1.51–1.73)

<0.0001

Depression

1,736 (31.4)

4,708 (17.1)

2.28 (2.14–2.44)

<0.0001

Insomnia

928 (16.8)

3,302 (12.0)

1.47 (1.36–1.60)

<0.0001

Diseases of the nervous system

Parkinson’s disease

558 (10.1)

704 (2.6)

4.25 (3.78–4.77)

<0.0001

Diseases of the eye and ear

Severe vision reduction

2,318 (42.0)

13,826 (50.1)

0.72 (0.68–0.76)

<0.0001

Severe hearing loss

1,096 (29.8)

5,057 (18.3)

1.07 (0.99–1.15)

0.076

Diseases of the circulatory system

Hypertension

4,197 (76.0)

21,455 (77.7)

0.90 (0.84–0.96)

0.002

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

2,285 (41.4)

10,584 (38.4)

1.11 (1.04–1.17)

<0.0001

Cardiac arrhythmias

1,685 (30.5)

7,908 (28.7)

1.06 (1.00–1.13)

0.061

Cardiac insufficiency

2,350 (42.5

8,692 (31.5)

1.56 (1.47–1.66)

<0.0001

Atherosclerosis/peripheral arterial occlusive disease

2,494 (45.1)

8,425 (30.5)

1.85 (1.74–1.96)

<0.0001

Cerebral ischaemia/chronic stroke

1,651 (29.9)

3,963 (14.4)

2.51 (2.34–2.68)

<0.0001

Lower limb varicosis

1,462 (26.5)

7,056 (25.6)

1.05 (0.98–1.12)

0.143

Diseases of the respiratory system

Pneumonia

482 (8.7)

1,375 (5.0)

1.80 (1.61–2.00)

<0.0001

Asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

1,472 (26.6)

6,989 (25.3)

1.07 (1.00–1.14)

0.056

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue

Arthritis

712 (12.9)

3,793 (13.7)

0.93 (0.85–1.01)

0.102

Joint arthrosis

2,446 (44.3)

13,046 (47.3)

0.88 (0.83–0.93)

<0.0001

Purine/pyrimidine metabolism disorders/gout

1,543 (27.9)

7,872 (28.5)

0.97 (0.91–1.03)

0.322

Lower back pain

3,124 (56.6)

16,377 (59.3)

0.90 (0.85–0.96)

<0.0001

Osteoporosis

1,365 (24.7)

6,192 (22.4)

1.14 (1.06–1.22)

<0.0001

Diseases of the genitourinary system

Renal insufficiency/failure

1,166 (21.1)

4,409 (16.0)

1.37 (1.27–1.48)

<0.0001

Incontinence

2,456 (44.5)

6,392 (23.2)

2.64 (2.49–2.81)

<0.0001

Injuries, fractures and fall risks

Fractures and injuries

2,122 (38.4)

8,505 (30.8)

1.38 (1.30–1.47)

<0.0001

Fall risk and dizziness

1,524 (27.6)

5,519 (20.0)

1.50 (1.40–1.60)

<0.0001

  1. *ORs are adjusted for age and sex.
  2. **Bold p-values considered significant according to Bonferroni adjustment.