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Table 3 Univariate and multivariable regression analyses to identify predictors of opioid-induced gastrointestinal adverse reactions

From: Risk factors of opioid-induced adverse reactions in elderly male outpatients of Korea Veterans Hospital

Characteristics

Unadjusted OR (95% CI)

Model I

Model II

Model III

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Attributable risk

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Attributable risk

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Attributable risk

Age ≥ 70

1.00 (0.56–1.78)

      

Diabetes mellitus

1.78 (1.00–3.16)*

      

Duration ≥12 weeks

2.55 (1.43–4.55)**

2.00 (1.03–3.88)*

49.9

1.98 (1.06–3.71)*

49.5

2.03 (1.10–3.72)*

50.6

GABA analogue

3.85 (2.01–7.37)***

2.14 (0.97–4.75)

 

3.92 (2.00–7.67)***

74.5

2.67 (1.35–5.30)**

62.5

Oxycodonea

5.25 (1.73–15.91)**

3.75 (1.20–11.72)*

73.3

    

Morphinea

8.84 (2.89–26.99)***

5.31 (1.60–17.59)**

81.2

    

Combination therapy

2.51 (1.14–5.52)*

  

2.33 (0.96–5.64)

   

MME ≥ 60

5.58 (2.31–13.46)***

    

3.38 (1.34–8.52)*

70.4

  1. For model I, age, diabetes, duration, GABA analogue, and opioid type were included for analysis. For model II, age, diabetes, duration, GABA analogue, and opioid combination therapy were included for analysis. For model III, age, diabetes, duration, GABA analogue, and morphine equivalent dose were included for analysis
  2. aCompared to codeine. MME morphine milligram equivalent
  3. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001