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Table 1 Sample characteristics at baseline of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) cases, excluding drop-outs (n = 53), and comparison of basic characteristics between subgroups ‘MCI Stability’ (n = 32) and ‘MCI Conversion’ (n = 21) at last follow-up (t4)

From: Preliminary evidence for an increased likelihood of a stable trajectory in mild cognitive impairment in individuals with higher motivational abilities

Variables

MCI total

(n = 53)

MCI stability

(n = 32)

MCI conversion

(n = 21)

t / χ2-test

p

d / phi

Age (years), M (SD)

73.09 (7.12)

71.16 (7.61)

76.05 (5.19)

2.57 (t)

0.013

−0.75 (d)

Sex, female, n (%)

26 (49.1)

20 (62.5)

6 (28.6)

5.84 (χ2)

0.016

−0.33 (phi)

Education (years), M (SD)

12.32 (2.52)

12.09 (2.37)

12.67 (2.75)

−0.95 (t)

0.346

−0.23 (d)

Living Situation, n (%)

   

1.79 (χ2)

0.409

0.18 (phi)

 - Alone

14 (26.4)

10 (31.3)

4 (19.0)

   

 - Partner

38 (71.7)

21 (65.6)

17 (81.0)

   

 - Family member

1 (1.9)

1 (3.1)

0

   

Marital status, n (%)

   

1.54 (χ2)

0.674

0.17 (phi)

 - Single

3 (5.7)

2 (6.3)

1 (4.8)

   

 - Married

38 (71.7)

21 (65.6)

17 (81.0)

   

 - Divorced /separated

4 (7.5)

3 (9.4)

1 (4.8)

   

 - Widowed

8 (15.1)

6 (18.8)

2 (9.5)

   

Children, M (SD)

2.36 (0.88)

2.00 (0.68)

2.89 (0.90)

3.77 (t)

< 0.001

−1.12 (d)

MMSE score, M (SD)

27.25 (2.04)

27.69 (2.22)

26.57 (1.54)

−1.79 (t)

0.081

0.57 (d)

CDR, M (SD)

0.42 (0.19)

0.39 (0.21)

0.45 (0.15)

−1.25 (t)

0.218

−0.33 (d)

GDS-S, M (SD)

2.93 (2.3)

3.34 (2.55)

2.30 (1.97)

1.58 (t)

0.121

0.46 (d)

MCI Subtype, n (%)

   

11.76 (χ2)

0.008

0.47 (phi)

 - Amnestic s-d

11 (20.8)

5 (15.6)

6 (28.6)

   

 - Amnestic, m-d

17 (32.1)

6 (18.8)

11 (52.4)

   

 - Non-amnestic, s-d

22 (41.5)

19 (59.4)

3 (14.3)

   

 - Non-amnestic, m-d

3 (5.7)

2 (6.3)

1 (4.8)

   

Cardiovascular risk, n (%)

 - Diagn. diabetes mellitus

11 (20.8)

9 (28.1)

2 (9.5)

3.64 (χ2)

0.162

0.28 (phi)

 - Diagn. elevated cholesterol

15 (28.3)

12 (37.5)

3 (9.4)

2.63 (χ2)

0.105

−0.25 (phi)

 - Diagn. high blood pressure

22 (41.5)

16 (50)

6 (28.6)

1.21 (χ2)

0.545

0.16 (phi)

  1. CDR clinical dementia rating scale, d Cohen’s d, Diagn. diagnosis, GDS-S geriatric depression scale – self-report, M mean, MCI mild cognitive impairment, m-d multi-domain, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, n number, p probability, phi Cohen’s phi, SD standard deviation, s-d single-domain, t independent t-test, χ2 chi-square test
  2. The bold values indicate a statistically significant difference with a p-value less than 0.05