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Table 4 The floor and ceiling effects of the balance performance and individual domains

From: Evaluation of the reliability and validity for X16 balance testing scale for the elderly

Age (years)

n

I

II

III

IV

Floor effect

Ceiling effect

Floor effect

Ceiling effect

Floor effect

Ceiling effect

Floor effect

Ceiling effect

60-

511

2.5

87.5

0.2

87.5

1.2

87.7

0.4

74.2

65-

530

3.4

82.3

0.4

76.8

0.9

80.8

0.4

60.9

70-

378

3.7

73.3

0.3

71.7

1.1

79.1

0.3

54.2

75-

297

7.4

61.6

1.0

59.3

5.4

69.4

0.3

43.4

80-

166

13.3

51.8

1.8

48.2

11.4

53.0

1.8

34.3

85–97

103

20.4

32.0

7.8

31.1

21.4

35.0

6.8

19.4

Total

1985

5.5

73.7

0.9

71.2

3.6

75.8

0.7

56.1

  1. Domain I is static balance, domain II is postural stability, domain III is dynamic balance, and domain IV (sum of domains I, II, and III) is balance performance. The floor and ceiling effects are in percent