From: Preoperative medication use and postoperative delirium: a systematic review
Study (First author, publication year) | Preoperative medicines | Other covariates | Number of study participants | Number of patients with medications | OR or RR (95% CI)e | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chen, 2015 [14] | Hypnotics | Advanced age Prolonged operative time Decreased postoperative haemoglobin level | 401 | 42 | OR 3.07 (1.05–9.04) | 0.041 |
Galanakis, 2001 [18] | Hypnotics and sedatives | Age Sex | 105 | 21 | OR 2.53 (0.79–8.04) | NS |
Benoit, 2005 [8] | Psychoactive medicines | Lower education level Preoperative depression | 102 | 0.18a (0.4c), 0.5b (0.8c) | OR 6.80d | 0.005 |
Xue, 2016 [20] | Psychoactive medicines | Old age Pain intensity after surgery | 358 | 64 | OR 1.60 (0.65–3.93) | 0.306 |
Duppils, 2000 [29] | Psychopharmacological drugs | Older age Cognitive impairment Pre-existing cerebrovascular disorders | 225 | 88 | OR 2.92 (1.33–6.39) | 0.007 |
Dai, 2000 [26] | Narcotics and other psychoactive medicines | Age Pre-existing cognitive impairment | 701 | 1.0a (0.8c), 1.7b (0.9c) | RR 6.56 (1.53–28.17) | < 0.05 |
Litaker, 2001 [28] | Narcotics | Previous delirium Age Pre-existing cognitive impairment | 500 | 87 | OR 2.70 (1.4–5.3) | Sig |
Behrends, 2013 [33] | Narcotics | Age Sex History of central nervous system disorder Preoperative cognitive dysfunction Pain Blood transfusions | 472 | 333 | OR 1.02 (0.61–1.70) | 0.940 |
Tully, 2010 [27] | Anticholinergic, selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor and tricyclic drug | Major depression Aortic cross-clamp time Haemoglobin | 158 | 12 | OR 6.17 (1.27–30.12) | 0.020 |
Tan, 2008 USA [32] | ‘other’ anticholinergic medications | History of cerebrovascular disease High medical comorbidity Increased preoperative creatinine level Increased preoperative pain level | 53 | 20 | RR 2.31 (0.85–6.31) | 0.100 |
Brown, 2016 [19] | Antidepressant | Lower baseline cognition Higher average baseline pain More intravenous fluid administered | 89 | 26 | OR 4.70 (1.03–21.5) | 0.046 |
Benoit, 2005 [8] | Antihypertensive and antianginals | Lower education level Preoperative | 102 | 0.8a (0.8c), 0.4b (0.5c) | OR 0.26d | 0.016 |
Van Der Mast, 1999 [40] | Nifedipine | Old age Low level of albumin Poor physical condition High ratio of phenylalanine to the sum of isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, and tryptophan | 296 | 53 | OR 2.40 (1.0–5.8) | 0.047 |
Jeong, 2016 [15] | DIM | Dementia Age Sex | 475 | 200 | OR 12.8(2.8–57.7) | < 0.001 |