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Fig. 1 | BMC Geriatrics

Fig. 1

From: Does being physically active prevent future disability in older people? Attenuated effects when taking time-dependent confounders into account

Fig. 1

Time-dependent treatment and confounding: How does it come about? This schematic causal diagram illustrates the treatment with “physical activity” on the outcome status of “functional ability” in a hypothetical longitudinal study, which includes follow-up measurements of both time-varying status of treatment and confounders. For details in respect to the figure, see the heading “Time-dependent treatment and confounding: How does it come about?” in the “Methods” section

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