Table 2 Absolute and relative reliability data of various outcomes obtained from different executive function tests before and after acute aerobic cycling exercise for day 1 and 2 comparison
|  |  | INT day 1 mean (SD) | INT day 2 mean (SD) | rANOVA (p-value) | Effect size (ɳp2) | change in mean [90% CI] | SEM (Typical error) [90% CI] | CoV [90% CI] | ICC [90% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eriksen Flanker Test | |||||||||
 reaction time,  congruent [ms] | pre | 481 (67) | 468.6 (53.6) | 0.05 | 0.12 | −9.1 [−24.2; 5.9] | 27.6 [21.89; 37.78] | 5.5 [4.4; 7.7] | 0.81 [0.63; 0.90] |
post | 461 (48) | 451.2 (54.1) | 0.48 | 0.03 | −9.8 [−21.7; 2.0] | 21.7 [17.22; 29.73] | 4.8 [3.8; 6.6] | 0.83 [0.67; 0.92] | |
 accuracy, congruent [% correct] | pre | 98.5 (3.3) | 99.1 (2.4) | 0.45 | 0.03 | 0.0 [−0.7; 0.7] | 1.2 [1.0; 1.7] | 1.3 [1.0; 1.7] | 0.84 [0.68; 0.92] |
post | 99.3 (1.2) | 99.7 (0.9) | 0.76 | 0.01 | 0.3 [0.0; 0.7] | 0.5 [0.4; 0.7] | 0.5 [0.4; 0.7] | 0.77 [0.57; 0.88] | |
 reaction time, incongruent [ms] | pre | 545 (7) | 536.7 (51.3) | 0.38 | 0.04 | −1.8 [−18.7; 15.2] | 31.0 [24.6; 42.5] | 5.3 [4.2; 7.4] | 0.78 [0.58; 0.89] |
post | 522 (59) | 514.5 (56.5) | 0.31 | 0.05 | −6.3 [−20.5; 7.9] | 26.0 [20.6; 35.6] | 4.9 [3.9; 6.8] | 0.81 [0.63;0.90] | |
 accuracy, incongruent [% correct] | pre | 94.5 (7.8) | 96.5 (4.8) | 0.19 | 0.08 | 1.6 [−0.2; 3.4] | 3.2 [2.6; 4.4] | 3.9 [3.1; 5.4] | 0.77 [0.56; 0.88] |
post | 96.9 (4.4) | 96.9 (3.5) | 0.68 | 0.02 | 0.0 [−1.3; 1.3] | 2.4 [1.9; 3.3] | 2.6 [2.1; 3.6] | 0.66 [0.39; 0.82] | |
Stroop Color Test | |||||||||
 reaction time, compatible [ms] | pre | 833 (105) | 775 (95) | 0.002 | 0.38 | −51 [−74; −28] | 42 [33; 58] | 5.0 [3.9; 6.9] | 0.84 [0.68; 0.92] |
post | 781 (89) | 744 (90) | 0.04 | 0.16 | −40 [−58; −22] | 33 [26; 46] | 4.4 [3.5; 6.1] | 0.87 [0.75; 0.94] | |
 accuracy, compatible [% correct] | pre | 98.7 (1.4) | 98.9 (1.4) | 0.30 | 0.02 | 0.3 [−0.4; 0.9] | 1.2 [1.0; 1.6] | 1.2 [1.0; 1.7] | 0.28 [−0.12; 0.58] |
post | 98.3 (1.7) | 98.8 (1.6) | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.4 [0.0; 0.8] | 0.8 [0.6; 1.1] | 0.8 [0.6; 1.1] | 0.80 [0.61; 0.90] | |
 reaction time, incompatible [ms] | pre | 956 (134) | 889 (114) | 0.01 | 0.25 | −69 [−11; −24] | 82 [65; 112] | 8.7 [6.8; 12.0] | 0.59 [0.28; 0.78] |
post | 902 (103) | 882.1 (105) | 0.02 | 0.17 | −20 [−55; 15] | 63 [50; 87] | 6.9 [5.4; 9.5] | 0.65 [0.37; 0.81] | |
 accuracy, incompatible [% correct] | pre | 97.3 (3.9) | 97.8 (2.8) | 0.32 | 0.06 | 0.6 [−0.4; 1.6] | 1.8 [1.4; 2.5] | 1.9 [1.5; 2.6] | 0.73 [0.50; 0.86] |
post | 98.0 (2.1) | 97.7 (3.2) | 0.52 | 0.02 | −0.4 [−1.7; 0.9] | 2.3 [1.9; 3.2] | 2.5 [2.0; 3.4] | 0.25 [−0.15; 0.56] | |
Digit Span | |||||||||
 forward [completed stages] | pre | 6.3 (1.5) | 6.1 (1.2) | 0.21 | 0.03 | −0.1 [−0.5; 0.4] | 0.8 [0.7; 1.2] | 14.7 [11.5; 20.6] | 0.63 [0.33; 0.80] |
post | 6.3 (1.5) | 6.2 (1.0) | 0.74 | 0.01 | −0.1 [−0.5; 0.4] | 0.9 [0.7; 1.2] | 16.8 [13.1; 23.7] | 0.50 [0.15; 0.72] | |
 forward [cumulative errors] | pre | 3.3 (1.0) | 3.0 (1.0) | 0.55 | 0.02 | −0.2 [−0.8; 0.4] | 1.0 [0.8; 1.4] | 36.6 [28.1; 53.3] | −0.07 [−0.47; 0.31] |
post | 3.0 (0.9) | 3.0 (0.8) | 0.81 | 0.01 | 0.1 [−0.5; 0.6] | 1.0 [0.8; 1.4] | 39.9 [30.5; 58.4] | −0.25 [−0.62; 0.14] | |
 backward [completed stages] | pre | 5.3 (2.0) | 5.6 (1.3) | 0.34 | 0.02 | 0.3 [−0.5; 1.0] | 1.3 [1.1; 1.8] | 43.3 [33.1; 63.8] | 0.38 [0.00; 0.65] |
post | 5.4 (1.3) | 5.7 (1.5) | 0.35 | 0.03 | 0.2 [−0.3; 0.7] | 0.9 [0.7; 1.2] | 17.7 [13.8; 25.1] | 0.63 [0.34; 0.81] | |
 backward [cumulative errors] | pre | 3.3 (1.2) | 2.9 (0.8) | 0.20 | 0.05 | −0.4 [−1.0; 0.2] | 1.2 [0.9; 1.6] | 43.3 [33.1; 63.8] | −0.28 [−0.64; 0.12] |
post | 2.9 (0.8) | 3.0 (0.7) | 0.60 | 0.01 | 0.1 [−0.3; 0.5] | 0.8 [0.6; 1.0] | 30.2 [23.3; 43.5] | −0.01 [−0.42; 0.36] | |
Five-Point-Test | |||||||||
 correctly completed figures [n] | pre | 24.8 (6.4) | 28.7 (5.3) | 0.05 | 0.20 | 3.2 [1.4; 5.0] | 3.2 [2.6; 4.4] | 14.7 [11.5; 20.7] | 0.71 [0.47; 0.85] |
post | 28.7 (5.0) | 30.2 (4.4) | 0.07 | 0.09 | 1.6 [0.2; 2.9] | 2.4 [1.9; 3.3] | 9.4 [7.4; 13.0] | 0.75 [0.53; 0.87] | |
|  |  | INT day 2 mean (SD) | INT day 3 mean (SD) | rANOVA (p-value) | Effect size (ɳp2) | change in mean [90% CI] | SEM (Typical error) [90% CI] | CoV [90% CI] | ICC [90% CI] |
Eriksen Flanker Test | |||||||||
 reaction time, congruent [ms] | pre | 469 (54) | 478 (78) | 0.41 | 0.03 | −1 [−14; 12] | 23 [19; 32] | 5.1 [4.0; 7.0] | 0.89 [0.77; 0.94] |
post | 451 (54) | 454 (45) | 0.68 | 0.01 | 4 [−6; 15] | 19 [15; 26] | 4.2 [3.3; 5.9] | 0.86 [0.73; 0.93] | |
 accuracy, congruent [% correct] | pre | 99.1 (2.4) | 99.3 (1.2) | 0.74 | 0.01 | 0.3 [−0.7; 1.3] | 1.9 [1.5; 2.5] | 1.9 [1.5; 2.7] | 0.07 [−0.34; 0.42] |
post | 99.1 (09) | 97.5 (10.6) | 0.33 | 0.05 | −2.5 [−6.9; 1.9] | 8.0 [6.3; 10.9] | 11.6 [9.1; 16.3] | −0.12 [−0.51; 0.27] | |
 reaction time, incongruent [ms] | pre | 537 (51) | 520 (46) | 0.02 | 0.19 | −16 [−27; −6] | 20 [15; 27] | 3.9 [3.1; 5.4] | 0.85 [0.71; 0.93] |
post | 514 (56) | 510 (55) | 0.22 | 0.07 | −6 [−14; 3] | 15 [12; 21] | 3.0 [2.3; 4.1] | 0.93 [0.86; 0.97] | |
 accuracy, incongruent [% correct] | pre | 96.5 (4.8) | 98.0 (3.9) | 0.16 | 0.09 | 1.5 [−0.4; 3.4] | 3.4 [2.7; 4.7] | 3.9 [3.1; 5.3] | 0.04 [0.04; 0.67] |
post | 96.9 (3.5) | 96.0 (10.5) | 0.72 | 0.01 | −1.3 [−6.0; 3.4] | 8.5 [6.8; 11.7] | 12.2 [9.5; 17.1] | −0.19 [−0.58; 0.20] | |
Stroop Color Test | |||||||||
 reaction time, compatible [ms] | pre | 775 (95) | 759 (81) | 0.20 | 0.08 | −23 [−44; −3] | 37 [29; 51] | 4.6 [3.7; 6.4] | 0.84 [0.68; 0.92] |
post | 744 (91) | 730 (86) | 0.16 | 0.09 | −13 [−31; 4] | 32 [25; 44] | 4.3 [3.4; 6.0] | 0.88 [0.76; 0.94] | |
 accuracy, compatible [% correct] | pre | 98.9 (1.4) | 98.1 (1.7) | 0.03 | 0.22 | −0.7 [−1.2; −0.1] | 1.0 [0.8; 1.4] | 1.1 [0.8; 1.4] | 0.59 [0.28; 0.78] |
post | 98.8 (1.6) | 99.3 (0.8) | 0.05 | 0.17 | 0.5 [0.1; 1.0] | 0.8 [0.6; 1.1] | 0.8 [0.7; 1.2] | 0.64 [0.35; 0.81] | |
 reaction time, incompatible [ms] | pre | 888 (114) | 868 (103) | 0.27 | 0.06 | −17 [−47.6; 14.1] | 56.4 [44.8; 77.3] | 6.4 [5.0; 8.8] | 0.75 [0.53; 0.87] |
post | 882 (105) | 870 (107) | 0.47 | 0.03 | −20 [−47; 7] | 50 [39; 67] | 5.6 [4.4; 7.7] | 0.80 [0.61; 0.90] | |
 accuracy, incompatible [% correct] | pre | 97.8 (2.8) | 98.4 (1.9) | 0.23 | 0.07 | 0.7 [−0.3; 1.6] | 1.7 [1.4; 2.4] | 1.8 [1.5; 2.5] | 0.49 [0.14; 0.72] |
post | 97.7 (3.2) | 98.1 (1.3) | 0.54 | 0.02 | 0.5 [−0.7; 1.6] | 2.1 [1.6; 2.8] | 2.2 [1.7; 3.0] | 0.29 [−0.11; 0.58] | |
Digit Span | |||||||||
 forward [completed stages] | pre | 6.1 (1.2) | 6.3 (0.95) | 0.35 | 0.04 | 0.3 [−0.1; 0.7] | 0.8 [0.6; 1.1] | 13.4 [10.5; 18.8] | 0.47 [0.11; 0.70] |
post | 6.2 (1.0) | 6.1 (1.2) | 0.82 | 0.00 | 0.1 [−0.3; 0.4] | 0.6 [0.5; 0.9] | 10.8 [8.5; 15.0] | 0.67 [0.40; 0.83] | |
 forward [cumulative errors] | pre | 3.0 (1.0) | 3.1 (1.0) | 0.63 | 0.01 | 0.2 [−0.4; 0.7] | 1.0 [0.8; 1.3] | 38.3 [29.3; 55.9] | 0.05 [−0.36; 0.41] |
post | 3.0 (0.8) | 2.9 (0.8) | 0.53 | 0.02 | 0.0 [−0.4; 0.4] | 0.7 [0.5; 0.9] | 24.0 [18.6; 34.2] | 0.40 [0.02; 0.66] | |
 backward [completed stages] | pre | 5.6 (1.3) | 5.5 (1.6) | 0.70 | 0.01 | −0.2 [−0.6; 0.3] | 0.8 [0.6; 1.1] | 15.7 [12.3; 22.2] | 0.71 [0.47; 0.85] |
post | 5.7 (1.5) | 6.0 (1.6) | 0.35 | 0.04 | 0.4 [−0.1; 0.8] | 0.8 [0.6; 1.1] | 15.7 [12.3; 22.1] | 0.76 [0.55; 0.88] | |
 backward [cumulative errors] | pre | 2.9 (0.8) | 3.0 (0.8) | 0.64 | 0.01 | 0.1 [−0.5; 0.7] | 1.0 [0.8; 1.4] | 38.8 [29.7; 56.7] | −0.47 [−0.79;-0.08] |
post | 3.0 (0.7) | 3.3 (0.9) | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.3 [−0.1; 0.7] | 0.7 [0.6; 1.0] | 26.6 [20.6; 38.2] | 0.17 [−0.24; 0.50] | |
Five-Point-Test | |||||||||
 correctly completed figures [n] | pre | 28.7 (5.3) | 29.0 (5.8) | 0.70 | 0.01 | 0.2 [−1.3; 1.7] | 2.7 [2.2; 3.7] | 10.9 [8.6; 15.3] | 0.78 [0.57; 0.89] |
post | 30.2 (4.4) | 31.3 (4.4) | 0.03 | 0.20 | 0.9 [0.0; 1.7] | 1.5 [1.2; 2.0] | 5.4 [4.3; 7.5] | 0.89 [0.79; 0.95] | |