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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants

From: Does attending an exercise class with a spouse improve long-term exercise adherence among people aged 65 years and older: a 6-month prospective follow-up study

 

Non-couples n = 59

Couples n = 68

P

Age, year

71.9 ± 5.2

69.5 ± 3.8

0.003

Gender, men/women

11/48

34/34

< 0.001

Cohabitee, n (%)

 Spouse

38 (64.4)

68 (100.0)

< 0.001

 Child

15 (25.4)

33 (48.5)

0.007

 Grandchild

3 (5.1)

14 (20.6)

0.010

Living alone, n (%)

12 (20.3)

0 (0)

< 0.001

Medical history, n (%)

 Hypertension

20 (33.9)

28 (41.2)

0.399

 Diabetes

7 (11.9)

9 (13.2)

0.816

 Heat disease

6 (10.2)

3 (4.4)

0.207

 Respiratory disease

4 (6.8)

2 (2.9)

0.309

 Osteoporosis

1 (1.7)

5 (7.4)

0.134

 Hyperlipidemia

11 (18.6)

10 (14.7)

0.551

 Osteoarthritis

7 (11.9)

3 (4.4)

0.120

Joint pain, n (%)

 Low back pain

11 (18.6)

14 (20.6)

0.783

 Shoulder pain

13 (22.0)

8 (11.8)

0.120

 Hip pain

7 (11.9)

2 (2.9)

0.051

 Knee pain

14 (23.7)

13 (19.1)

0.526

Social support score

 Family

29.8 ± 10.5

33.8 ± 10.7

0.035

 Friends

30.7 ± 10.6

24.8 ± 10.5

0.002

 Exercise instructor

24.3 ± 11.3

22.6 ± 12.0

0.419