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Table 1 Crude mean (standard deviation) for physical and mental health component summary scores among the study population, by covariates (n = 12,132)

From: Positive and negative influences of social participation on physical and mental health among community-dwelling elderly aged 65–70 years: a cross-sectional study in Japan

 

n

Physical Health Component Summary

Mental Health Component Summary

Mean (SD)

      

P value

Mean (SD)

       

P value

Gender

 Male

5,126

49.08 (6.69)

      

0.731a

51.17 (6.00)

       

<0.001a

 Female

7,006

49.13 (6.68)

      

50.58 (6.00)

       

Age at survey

 65-67

5,798

49.27 (6.52)

      

0.012a

50.75 (5.97)

       

0.178a

 68-70

6,334

48.96 (6.82)

      

50.90 (6.04)

       

Family size

 1

1,775

48.41 (7.24)

*

*

*

   

<0.001b

49.93 (6.65)

*

*

*

*

   

<0.001b

 2

6,291

49.29 (6.49)

*

     

51.12 (5.86)

*

      

 3

2,493

49.10 (6.69)

 

*

    

50.76 (5.92)

 

*

     

 ≥4

1,478

49.14 (6.76)

  

*

   

50.71 (5.92)

  

*

    

 Missing

95

49.72 (6.46)

      

51.70 (4.64)

   

*

   

Body mass index

 Normal

8,798

49.63 (6.31)

*

*

    

<0.001b

50.91 (5.91)

*

      

<0.001b

 Thin

1,009

49.02 (6.89)

*

 

*

   

49.75 (6.62)

*

*

     

 Overweight

2,225

47.09 (7.56)

 

*

*

*

  

51.02 (6.04)

 

*

     

 Missing

100

48.98 (7.17)

   

*

  

50.10 (6.22)

       

Number of chronic diseases under medical treatment

 None

4,852

50.17 (6.04)

*

*

*

   

<0.001b

51.18 (5.55)

*

*

*

    

<0.001b

 1

2,716

49.27 (6.41)

*

  

*

*

 

50.55 (6.34)

*

      

 2

2,515

48.47 (6.89)

 

*

 

*

 

*

50.78 (5.97)

 

*

     

 ≥3

2,049

47.16 (7.65)

  

*

 

*

*

50.43 (6.57)

  

*

    

Smoking

 Never-smoker

6,809

49.31 (6.54)

*

*

    

0.003b

50.86 (5.87)

*

      

0.002b

 Ex-smoker

3,551

48.90 (6.72)

*

     

50.99 (5.95)

 

*

     

 Current smoker

1,555

48.79 (7.13)

 

*

    

50.30 (6.76)

*

*

     

 Missing

217

48.62 (6.94)

      

50.93 (5.18)

       

Frequency of alcohol consumption

 None

4,737

48.53 (7.15)

*

*

*

   

<0.001b

50.41 (6.35)

*

*

*

    

<0.001b

 Social

2,679

49.26 (6.60)

*

     

50.87 (5.73)

*

  

*

*

  

 Occasional

1,890

49.56 (6.23)

 

*

    

51.10 (5.61)

 

*

   

*

 

 Daily

2,768

49.64 (6.13)

  

*

   

51.36 (5.85)

  

*

*

  

*

 Missing

58

49.05 (7.03)

      

48.59 (6.69)

    

*

*

*

Depression

 Absent

9,338

49.89 (5.98)

*

*

    

<0.001b

51.97 (4.92)

*

*

     

<0.001b

 Present

2,577

46.31 (8.17)

*

 

*

   

46.69 (7.58)

*

 

*

    

 Missing

217

48.57 (6.56)

 

*

*

   

50.65 (5.93)

 

*

*

    

Cognitive functioning

 Intact

10,587

49.57 (6.38)

*

     

<0.001b

51.28 (5.61)

*

      

<0.001b

 Poor

1,524

45.94 (7.80)

*

     

47.68 (7.50)

*

      

 Missing

21

48.64 (7.10)

      

49.37 (9.39)

       
  1. aDifferences between two groups were analyzed using the t test
  2. bDifferences between three or more groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)
  3. * P<0.05 with multiple comparison test by the Tukey method