| Odds-Ratio (OR) | 95% C.I. | |
---|---|---|---|
Personal Factors (Demographic Variables) | Â | Lower | Upper |
Age | 1.05 | 0.97 | 1.14 |
Male | 0.52 | 0.19 | 1.46 |
Frailty phenotype criteria (0–5, 1–2: pre-frail; ≥3: frail) | 2.20* | 1.10 | 4.42 |
Health-related Factors | |||
 Number of diseases | 1.22 | 0.87 | 1.73 |
 Number of prescribed medications used | 0.95 | 0.77 | 1.17 |
 History of hospitalizations | 0.99 | 0.42 | 2.37 |
 History of falls | 1.08 | 0.52 | 2.25 |
 C-CCI (0–43, a higher score means a higher level of comorbidity) | 1.14 | 0.67 | 1.96 |
Environmental Factors | |||
 SSS (0–10, a lower rating means a lower self-perceived socioeconomic status) | 0.79* | 0.64 | 0.97 |
 CLSNS (0–50, a higher score means stronger social networks) | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.05 |
 Lives alone | 0.71 | 0.28 | 1.81 |
Body Functions and Structures (Impairment) | |||
 Pain assessment (0–11, a higher rating means a higher level of pain) | 0.95 | 0.82 | 1.09 |
 CMFI-20 (20–100, a higher score means a higher fatigue level) | 1.00 | 0.96 | 1.04 |
 CMNA-SF (0–14, <11 indicates malnutrition) | 0.90 | 0.63 | 1.27 |
 C-PSQI (0–21, a higher score means poorer sleep quality) | 1.19* | 1.05 | 1.35 |
 CGDS-SF (0–15, ≥6 indicates the presence of depressed mood) | 1.40** | 1.15 | 1.70 |
Activity Limitation | |||
 TUG (a longer time means a weaker physical performance) | 1.21** | 1.06 | 1.38 |
 CFES-I (16–64, a higher score means more concern about falling) | 1.05* | 1.00 | 1.11 |
 PASE-C (a higher score means a higher physical activity level) | 0.99* | 0.98 | 1.00 |
 C-IADL (0–27, a lower score means a higher level of dependence) | 0.92 | 0.82 | 1.04 |