From: Predictability of frailty index and its components on mortality in older adults in China
 |  | Total | Age groups |  | Sexes |  | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | 65–79 | 80–89 | 90–99 | 100+ | p a | Women | Men | p a | |
 | Sample size | 13,731 | 3,689 | 3,613 | 3,750 | 2,679 |  | 7, 872 | 5, 859 |  |
 | % of death, 2008/2009-2011/2012 (n = 5,445) | 39.7 | 10.7 | 30.8 | 54.9 | 70.1 | *** | 42.2 | 36.3 | *** |
 | Mean score of frailty (cumulative deficits)(0-39) | 10.1 | 5.5 | 8.6 | 12.5 | 16.0 | *** | 11.7 | 8.2 | *** |
 | Mean score of frailty index (0-1) | 0.26 | 0.14 | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.41 | *** | 0.30 | 0.21 | *** |
Deficit index components | % cognitive impaired | 44.8 | 11.2 | 36.0 | 60.9 | 80.6 | *** | 55.3 | 30.9 | *** |
Mean score of chronic diseases (0–11) | 0.72 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.63 | 0.52 | *** | 0.71 | 0.74 | ns | |
Mean score of ADL disability (0–6) | 0.60 | 0.10 | 0.31 | 0.74 | 1.50 | *** | 0.76 | 0.38 | *** | |
Mean score of IADL disability (0–8) | 3.57 | 0.85 | 2.84 | 4.88 | 6.47 | *** | 4.26 | 2.64 | *** | |
Mean score of functional limitations (0–5) | 1.11 | 0.36 | 0.84 | 1.45 | 2.04 | *** | 1.34 | 0.81 | *** | |
Mean score of self-rated poor health (0–2) | 1.44 | 1.37 | 1.45 | 1.47 | 1.47 | *** | 1.46 | 1.40 | *** | |
Mean score of hearing and vision impairments (0–2) | 0.56 | 0.12 | 0.38 | 0.75 | 1.13 | *** | 0.67 | 0.41 | *** | |
% psychological distress | 73.5 | 64.1 | 73.6 | 77.1 | 81.3 | *** | 77.7 | 67.8 | *** | |
Covariates | % Men | 42.7 | 53.1 | 50.7 | 41.7 | 18.9 | *** | NA | NA | NA |
 | % Han ethnicity | 93.4 | 93.7 | 93.9 | 93.4 | 92.3 | ns | 93.2 | 93.8 | ns |
 | % Urban residence | 36.5 | 37.6 | 36.0 | 37.9 | 33.7 | ** | 35.8 | 37.5 | * |
 | % Married | 30.9 | 65.5 | 34.0 | 13.4 | 3.2 | *** | 17.5 | 48.8 | *** |
 | % 1 + year education | 36.3 | 58.9 | 38.0 | 28.7 | 13.3 | *** | 16.6 | 62.7 | *** |
 | % White collar occupation | 6.4 | 11.0 | 6.3 | 5.3 | 2.1 | *** | 2.2 | 12.1 | *** |
 | % Financial independence | 23.6 | 48.5 | 21.0 | 14.3 | 5.9 | *** | 12.7 | 38.3 | *** |
 | % Good economic status | 13.2 | 12.6 | 13.3 | 14.5 | 12.2 | * | 12.1 | 14.8 | *** |
 | % Coresidence with family | 83.3 | 85.7 | 79.3 | 80.3 | 89.4 | *** | 82.6 | 84.1 | * |
 | % Current smoking | 17.9 | 26.6 | 20.0 | 14.6 | 7.4 | *** | 5.7 | 34.2 | *** |
 | % Currently doing regular exercise | 27.2 | 39.6 | 28.3 | 22.1 | 15.8 | *** | 21.5 | 34.9 | *** |