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Table 4 Associations between frailty measures and outcomes at one year following index date

From: The prevalence and health consequences of frailty in a population-based older home care cohort: a comparison of different measures

Frailty index

Model

Frailty levela

Outcomes at one year, risk ratio (95 % CI)

Death

LTC admission

Hospitalization

Hospitalization with ALC stayb

Full frailty index [FI]

Unadjusted

Pre-Frail

1.47 (1.44, 1.50)

2.21 (2.16, 2.27)

1.19 (1.18, 1.20)

1.44 (1.41, 1.48)

  

Frail

2.43 (2.38, 2.49)

3.92 (3.83, 4.01)

1.26 (1.24, 1.28)

1.59 (1.55, 1.63)

 

Adjustedc

Pre-Frail

1.45 (1.42, 1.48)

2.20 (2.15, 2.26)

1.17 (1.16, 1.19)

1.42 (1.39, 1.45)

  

Frail

2.32 (2.27, 2.37)

3.84 (3.75, 3.93)

1.22 (1.20, 1.23)

1.51 (1.47, 1.55)

Modified frailty index [FI]

Unadjusted

Pre-Frail

1.36 (1.33, 1.39)

2.13 (2.08, 2.19)

1.16 (1.15, 1.17)

1.40 (1.37, 1.44)

  

Frail

2.26 (2.22, 2.31)

3.64 (3.55, 3.73)

1.25 (1.24, 1.27)

1.57 (1.53, 1.61)

 

Adjustedc

Pre-Frail

1.35 (1.32, 1.38)

2.11 (2.05, 2.16)

1.15 (1.14, 1.16)

1.38 (1.35, 1.41)

  

Frail

2.16 (2.12, 2.21)

3.58 (3.50, 3.67)

1.21 (1.20, 1.23)

1.50 (1.47, 1.54)

CHESS scale

Unadjusted

Pre-Frail

1.30 (1.26, 1.34)

1.39 (1.35, 1.43)

1.17 (1.15, 1.19)

1.30 (1.26, 1.34)

  

Frail

2.36 (2.30, 2.43)

1.96 (1.91, 2.02)

1.40 (1.38, 1.41)

1.69 (1.64, 1.74)

 

Adjustedc

Pre-Frail

1.29 (1.25, 1.33)

1.40 (1.36, 1.44)

1.15 (1.13, 1.17)

1.28 (1.25, 1.32)

  

Frail

2.27 (2.21, 2.33)

1.99 (1.94, 2.04)

1.34 (1.32, 1.36)

1.62 (1.58, 1.67)

  1. ALC Alternative Level of Care, CI Confidence Interval, ED Emergency Department
  2. a – Robust individuals serve as the reference category
  3. b – Individuals hospitalized without an ALC stay removed from analysis (N = 66,764)
  4. c – Adjusted for age, sex, and number of ADG comorbidity categories