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Table 3 Associations between the identified dietary patterns with energy and energy-adjusted nutrient intakes and diet quality indices in a representative sample of Lebanese older adults (n = 525)

From: A Lebanese dietary pattern promotes better diet quality among older adults: findings from a national cross-sectional study

Nutrients

Western

Lebanese

High protein/Alcohol

Total energy (Kcal)

0.59b,c

0.44b,d

0.54b,c

Protein (g)

−0.29b,c

−0.07d

0.48b,e

Carbohydrates (g)

0.21b,c

0.20b,c

−0.43b,c

Fat (g)

−0.10a,c

0.03d

0.12b,d

 Cholesterol (mg)

0.12b,c

−0.30b,d

0.31b,e

 Saturated fat (g)

−0.01c,d

−0.09a,c

0.06d

 Linoleic acid (g)

−0.09a,c

0.07d

0.05d

 Linolenic acid (g)

−0.06

−0.03

0.06

Alcohol (g)

−0.17b,c

−0.23b,c

0.32b,d

Fiber (g)

−0.51b,c

0.57b,d

0.10a,e

Vitamin A (μg RE)

−0.14b,c

0.17b,d

0.19b,d

Vitamin D (μg)

−0.12b,c

0.09a,d

0.05d

Vitamin E (mg)

−0.07c

0.09a,d

0.02d

Vitamin K (μg)

−0.21b,c

0.38b,d

0.19b,e

Vitamin C (mg)

−0.20b,c

0.54b,d

−0.02e

Riboflavin (mg)

−0.21b,c

0.08d

0.16b,d

Niacin (mg)

−0.24b,c

0.07d

0.35b,e

Pyridoxine (mg)

−0.44b,c

0.50b,d

0.18b,e

Folate (μg)

−0.33b,c

0.49b,d

0.09a,e

Cobalamin (Vit B12) (μg)

−0.04c

−0.15b,c

0.31b,d

Sodium (mg)

0.19b,c

−0.16b,d

−0.9b,e

Calcium (mg)

−0.14b,c

0.11a,d

−0.01e

Iron (mg)

−0.22b,c

0.39b,d

0.32b,d,e

Zinc (mg)

−0.34b,c

0.03d

0.45b,e

Magnesium (mg)

−0.57b,c

0.49b,d

0.25b,e

Phosphorous (mg)

-.053b,c

0.26b,d

0.39b,e

Diet Quality Indices (DQIs)

   

Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)

−0.50b,c

0.37b,d

−0.01e

Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED)

−0.09a,c

0.56b,d

0.21b,e

DASH-style Diet Score

−0.38b,c

0.46b,d

−0.07e

Lebanese Mediterranean Diet Index (LMD)

0.16b,c

0.67b,d

0.31b,e

Dietary Diversity Score (DDS)

0.02c

0.30b,d

0.29b,d

Breakfast frequency per week

−0.11a,c

0.041d

0.02d

  1. a Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level
  2. b Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level
  3. c, d, e Values with different superscripts are significantly different p < 0.05 (Using the Steiger’s Z formula to test the statistical significance of the difference between two dependent correlations)