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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the sample as a function of subsequent deterioration in ability to perform any of BADL and IADL

From: Wrist fractures and their impact in daily living functionality on elderly people: a prospective cohort study

Variable

BADL performance

IADL performance

 

No Deterioration (n = 508)

Deterioration (n = 172)

p-value

No Deterioration (n = 510)

Deterioration (n = 170)

p-value

Age; mean(SD)

74.9(6.3)

81.3 (6.8)

<0.0001

74.8 (6.3)

81.6 (6.5)

<0.0001

Sex

 Female

450 (99)

153 (99)

0.895

460 (90)

143 (84)

0.030

Charlson Index

 0

68 (14)

10 (6)

<0.0001

68 (13)

10 (6)

<0.0001

 1

123 (25)

21 (13)

 

124 (25)

20 (12)

 

 ≥2

306 (61)

135 (81)

 

308 (62)

133 (82)

 

Current medication use

 None

73 (15)

9 (5)

<0.0001

75 (15)

7 (4)

<0.0001

 1-3 medications

341 (67)

99 (58)

 

340 (67)

100 (59)

 

 ≥4 medications

92 (18)

63 (37)

 

93 (18)

62 (37)

 

Educational level

 Illiterate

7 (2)

6 (3)

0.009

7 (1)

6 (4)

0.017

 Able to read & write

225 (45)

90 (54)

 

227 (45)

88 (53)

 

 Primary education

205 (40)

63 (37)

 

205 (41)

63 (38)

 

 Secondary education

46 (9)

8 (5)

 

48 (9)

6 (4)

 

 University qualifications

21 (4)

1 (1)

 

19 (4)

3 (1)

 

Previous Falls

 No

385 (77)

107 (63)

<0.0001

386 (76)

106 (63)

0.003

 Yes without fractures

105 (21)

47 (27)

 

99 (20)

53 (32)

 

 Yes, with fracture

11 (2)

17 (10)

 

19 (4)

9 (5)

 

Performed treatment

 Surgery

91 (18)

18 (11)

0.022

94 (19)

15 (9)

0.003

Referral for rehabilitation

      

 No

369 (73)

136 (80)

0.066

365 (72)

140(83)

0.003

Patient-reported measures of HRQoL and functionality: mean (SD)

SF-12: PCS

 Pre fall

49.2 (8.6)

39.1 (10.9)

<0.0001

48.7 (9.1)

40.7 (11.1)

<0.0001

 Difference (post-pre)

−6.9 (10.6)

−9.8 (11.1)

0.007

−7.3 (10.7)

−8.7 (11.1)

0.173

SF-12: MCS

 Pre fall

52.8 (8.5)

48.6 (11.0)

<0.0001

52.9 (8.6)

48.5 (10.6)

<0.0001

 Difference (post-pre)

−0.9 (10.8)

−4.5 (13.0)

0.003

−1.1 (10.8)

−3.8 (13.2)

0.031

Quick DASH

 Pre fall

5.8 (10.7)

20.6 (20.2)

<0.0001

6.3 (11.0)

19.3 (20.8)

<0.0001

 Difference (pre-post)

−18.7 (22.1)

−29.9 (27.3)

<0.0001

−19.7 (22.5)

−26.9 (27.4)

0.002

Lawton

 Pre Fall

7.4 (1.4)

4.7 (2.8)

<0.0001

-

-

 

 Difference (post-pre)

−0.03 (1.16)

−1.0 (2.1)

<0.0001

-

-

 

Barthel

 Pre fall

-

-

 

99 (5)

87 (20)

<0.0001

 Difference (post-pre)

-

--

 

−1.0 (5.9)

−17.0 (22.1)

<0.0001

  1. Values in cells are frequency (percentage) unless otherwise stated. For variables with missing data frequencies do not add up to N. SD: standard deviation. Basic activities of daily living (BADL) were assessed through the Barthel Index; BADL was considered to have deteriorated if post-fall scores were <90 points or a pre-post score decrease of more than 10 % has occurrred. Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) were assessed by the Lawton Scale; IADL was considered to have deteriorated when post-fall scores of <5 points were observed or a pre-post score decrease of 2 points occurred. For binary variables only one category is presented