Skip to main content

Table 1 Demographic at baseline measurements in both intervention and control groups

From: Cognitive intervention through a training program for picture book reading in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial

  

Intervention group N = 29

Control group N = 29

PValue1

Age (mean ± SD)

Years

73.0 ± 7.1

73.3 ± 5.4

0.853

Gender (Female/Male)

N

27 / 2

26 / 3

0.640

Education (mean ± SD)

Years

12.6 ± 2.0

13.1 ± 2.5

0.318

MMSE (mean ± SD)

Score(0–30)

27.1 ± 1.7

26.6 ± 2.2

0.318

MoCA-J (mean ± SD)

Score(0–30)

25.2 ± 3.2

24.1 ± 3.7

0.203

GDS-15 (mean ± SD)

Score(0–15)

4.1 ± 2.5

3.5 ± 3.1

0.405

TMIG-IC

        

Total score (mean ± SD)

Score(0–13)

10.9 ± 1.3

10.8 ± 1.7

0.861

Instrumental self-maintenance (mean ± SD)

Score(0–5)

5.0 ± 0.0

5.0 ± 0.2

0.322

Intellectual activity (mean ± SD)

Score(0–4)

3.1 ± 1.0

3.1 ± 1.2

0.905

Social role (mean ± SD)

Score(0–4)

3.8 ± 0.6

3.8 ± 0.6

1.000

  1. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA-J: Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; GDS-15: Geriatric Depression Scale short form; SD: Standard Deviation; TMIG: Tokyo metropolitan institute of gerontology-Index of Competence.
  2. 1The chi-square test was used to test association among categorical variables, and t-tests was used to compare the means of continuous variables.