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Table 2 Handgrip strength (kg) in women ( n = 59) by success of short-term (“ONE MONTH”) and long-term (“SIX MONTHS”) withdrawal

From: Handgrip strength and balance in older adults following withdrawal from long-term use of temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem as hypnotics

ONE MONTH (short-term withdrawal)

Measurement point

 

Baseline

1 week

2 weeks

3 weeks

1 month

2 months

6 months

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

P 1

P 2

P 3

short-term withdrawers (n = 45)

23.5,

24.2,

24.4,

24.8*,

24.7*,

24.9*,

24.8*,

0.350

0.032

0.003

5.4

5.8

5.5

5.6

5.7

5.5

5.8

short-term non-withdrawers (n = 14)

20.4,

21.0,

19.9,

20.3,

21.0,

21.2,

20.8,

4.1

4.5

4.1

5.7

5.5

5.8

6.2

SIX MONTHS (long-term withdrawal)

Measurement point

 

Baseline

1 week

2 weeks

3 weeks

1 month

2 months

6 months

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

mean, SD

P 1

 

P 4

long-term withdrawers (n = 19)

23.3,

24.1,

24.7,

25.6§,

25.2§,

25.6§,

25.3§,

0.040

 

0.001

5.4

6.7

5.6

5.9

5.7

5.6

5.5

 

long-term non-withdrawers (n = 40)

22.5,

23.1,

22.7,

22.9,

23.1,

23.1,

23.2,

 

0.427

5.2

5.2

5.4

5.8

5.8

5.7

6.3

 
  1. P 1 = Statistical significance for group × time interaction effect; repeated measures analysis of variance.
  2. P 2 = Statistical significance for group effect; repeated measures analysis of variance; adjusted for time.
  3. P 3 = Statistical significance for time effect; repeated measures analysis of variance using Dunnett’s method in pairwise comparisons. After adjustment for group, handgrip strength was better* at 3 weeks (P = 0.002), at 1 month (P = 0.004), at 2 months (P = 0.005), and at 6 months (P = 0.004) compared to baseline.
  4. P 4 = Statistical significance for time effect within groups; repeated measures analysis of variance. Handgrip strength was better§ at 3 weeks (P = 0.005), at 1 month (P = 0.006), at 2 months (P < 0.001) and at 6 months (P = 0.003) among withdrawers compared to baseline.
  5. SD = Standard deviation.