Single fall | Recurrent falls | Fractures | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Number (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Number (%) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | |
Subjective risk rating of specific tasks | ||||||
Risk of falls during walking, yes | 1068 (41.5)† | 2.21 (2.01-2.43) | 633 (24.6)† | 3.15 (2.71-3.66) | 123 (4.8)† | 1.83 (1.36-2.46) |
Risk of falls during transferring, yes | 823 (41.7)† | 1.80 (1.66-1.96) | 504 (25.5)† | 2.43 (2.14-2.76) | 103 (5.2)† | 1.89 (1.43-2.51) |
Risk of falls during toileting, yes | 568 (42.9)† | 1.66 (1.53-1.80) | 361 (27.3)† | 2.18 (1.93-2.47) | 65 (4.9)† | 1.49 (1.11-2.00) |
Risk of falls during stair ascending/descending, yes | 1140 (39.2)† | 2.13 (1.93-2.36) | 685 (23.6)† | 3.55 (2.99-4.22) | 139 (4.8)† | 2.10 (1.53-2.90) |
Risk of falls during wandering, yes | 453 (44.9)† | 1.68 (1.55-1.83) | 2.89 (28.7)† | 2.16 (1.90-2.44) | 66 (6.5)† | 2.18 (1.63-2.91) |
Risk of falls because of risky behaviors, yes | 672 (41.6)† | 1.66 (1.53-1.80) | 424 (26.3)† | 2.24 (1.98-2.54) | 79 (4.9)† | 1.55 (1.17-2.06) |
Risk of falls because of agitation, yes | 479 (45.0)† | 1.70 (1.57-1.85) | 316 (29.7)† | 2.32 (2.05-2.62) | 55 (5.2)† | 1.55 (1.14-2.11) |
Potential confounding factors | ||||||
Age, years‡ Falls or fractures | 82.9 ± 7.5 | 83.0 ± 7.5 | 84.3 ± 6.9† | |||
No falls or fractures | 82.5 ± 7.4 | 82.6 ± 7.4 | 82.6 ± 7.4 | |||
Sex, female | 1062 (30.1) | 0.97 (0.89-1.06) | 560 (15.8) | 0.90 (0.79-1.03) | 151 (4.3)† | 1.77 (1.24-2.52) |
Stroke, yes | 345 (32.0) | 1.07 (0.97-1.18) | 175 (16.2) | 0.99 (0.85-1.16) | 41 (3.8) | 1.03 (0.74-1.45) |
Knee osteoarthritis and pain, yes | 659 (36.7)† | 1.36 (1.26-1.48) | 362 (20.1)† | 1.41 (1.25-1.60) | 77 (4.3) | 1.26 (0.95-1.67) |
Dementia, yes | 670 (34.3)† | 1.23 (1.13-1.34) | 387 (19.8)† | 1.40 (1.23-1.58) | 80 (4.1) | 1.18 (0.89-1.57) |
Poor vision, yes | 239 (37.9)† | 1.30 (1.16-1.45) | 131 (20.8)* | 1.32 (1.12-1.56) | 26 (4.1) | 1.13 (0.74-1.73) |
Parkinson disease, yes | 163 (44.7)† | 1.53 (1.35-1.73) | 104 (28.5)† | 1.85 (1.55-2.20) | 16 (4.4) | 1.20 (0.73-1.98) |
Use of psychotropics, yes | 525 (37.0)† | 1.33 (1.22-1.45) | 283 (19.9)† | 1.33 (1.17-1.52) | 57 (4.0) | 1.12 (0.82-1.51) |
Urinary incontinence or frequency, yes | 702 (36.2)† | 1.35 (1.25-1.47) | 403 (20.8)† | 1.53 (1.35-1.73) | 82 (4.2) | 1.24 (0.94-1.65) |
Absence of habitual exercise, yes | 975 (33.7)† | 1.31 (1.20-1.43) | 561 (19.4)† | 1.58 (1.38-1.81) | 110 (3.8) | 1.06 (0.80-1.41) |
Use of slippers or sandals, yes | 415 (36.3)† | 1.27 (1.16-1.39) | 185 (16.2) | 0.99 (0.85-1.14) | 63 (5.5)† | 1.73 (1.28-2.32) |
Use of walking aid, yes | 887 (36.7)† | 1.49 (1.37-1.63) | 492 (20.3)† | 1.60 (1.41-1.82) | 109 (4.5)† | 1.51 (1.14-2.01) |