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Table 2 Demographic characteristics of the sample as separated by age group

From: Analysis of frailty and survival from late middle age in the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging

Age group (years)

55-64

65-74

75-84

85-94

> = 95

F/X2

n

1,039

1,109

934

170

5

--

Age

59.8 ± 2.7

69.5 ± 2.8

79.0 ± 2.7

87.5 ± 2.4

95.8 ± 0.8

7964.79**

Female (%)

53.6

47.3

51.7

55.9

80.0

12.26*

9 + year education (%)

31.0

24.3

10.7

10.0

0.0

138.39**

Rural dwelling (%)

20.4

20.7

22.7

18.8

20.0

3.61

Total ADL score

6.1 ± 0.6

6.2 ± 1.3

6.5 ± 1.9

7.1 ± 2.4

6.6 ± 0.9

27.44**

Total IADL score

6.3 ± 1.5

7.1 ± 2.7

8.8 ± 3.8

11.6 ± 4.5

15.8 ± 2.9

184.325**

Co-morbidities (count)

1.4 ± 1.5

1.4 ± 1.5

1.2 ± 1.4

1.1 ± 1.4

1.0 ± 1.0

3.47**

MMSE score

24.6 ± 3.4

23.3 ± 4.0

21.5 ± 4.6

19.4 ± 5.1

--

78.57**

CES-D score

7.4 ± 7.5

6.8 ± 6.9

6.9 ± 7.6

8.6 ± 8.6

--

1.70

  1. Note: FI: Frailty Index. MMSE: Mini-Mental Status Examination. CES-D: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. F: Analysis of Variance. X2: Chi-square. Data presented are mean ± standard deviation, otherwise as specified. **: p < 0.01; *: p < 0.05;-: no data.